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0. Unisea > Europe Level 1-2-3 together > Flashcards

Europe Level 1-2-3 together Flashcards

1
Q

What is the warmest German region?

A

Baden, further south, stretching towards the Swiss border. It is noticeably drier, warmer and sunnier than the other regions.

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2
Q

What kind of soil is found in Mosel and Ahr?

A

Dark-coloured slate which retains heat during the day and radiates it out again at night.

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3
Q

How much ha is planted with vines in Germany?

A

At around 100,000 ha, Germany have the sixth largest area under vine in Europe.

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4
Q

What are most planted Germany White Varieties?

A

Riesling is most planted with 22.5%; then Muller-Thurgau with 13%; follows Silvaner; Grauburgunder; and Weisburgunder in the range of 4-5%.

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5
Q

What are most planted Germany Red Varieties?

A

Spatburgunder is the most planted red variety with 11.5%; follows Dornfelder with 8%; Portugieser 4%; and Trollinger 2.5%.

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6
Q

What German regions are found in climatic zone A?

A

All German wine-growing regions except Baden

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7
Q

Name four quality levels of German wine?

A

Deutscher Wein, Landwein, Qualitatswein, and Pradikatswein. Quality levels are increasing in order of their must weight at harvest.

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8
Q

What is Landwein?

A

German equivalent of PGI wine, at least 85 per cent of the grapes must originate in the Landwein region named on the label. Together Deutscher Wein and Landwein accounted for around 2 per cent of production of the 2017 vintage.

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9
Q

What is Qualitatswein?

A

PDO category, grapes must come from one of 13 designated quality wine regions that must appear on the label.

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10
Q

What is Pradikatswein?

A

PDO category, but with more stringent regulations. The grapes must come exclusively from a Bereich, produced from grapes with the highest must weights and enrichment is not permitted at this level.

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11
Q

What is Pradikat?

A

Six levels of German wines defined by minimum must weight. Pradikat means distinction.

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12
Q

Name six levels of Pradikat?

A

In increasing order of must weight, these are: Kabinett, Spatlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Eiswein, and Trockenbeerenauslese.

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13
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Beerenauslese, Eiswein and Trockenbeerenauslese wines?

A

Minimum alcohol level is 5.5% abv

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14
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Kabinett, Spatlese, and Auslese wines?

A

Minimum alcohol level is 7% abv

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15
Q

What are suitable conditions for noble rot to form?

A

Brief periods of humidity, followed by dry, sunny weather

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16
Q

What is mean Trocken on Geman Wine Label?

A

Trocken means dry. Wines with no more than 4g/l residual sugar.

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17
Q

What is mean Halbtrocken on Geman Wine Label?

A

Halbtrocken means off-dry. Wines with between 4 and 12 g/l of residual sugar.

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18
Q

What is mean Lieblich on Geman Wine Label?

A

Lieblich means medium / medium-sweet. Wines with between 12 and 45g/l of residual sugar.

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19
Q

What is mean Suss on Geman Wine Label?

A

Suss means sweet. Wines with more than 45g/l of residual sugar.

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20
Q

What is Bereich in Germany?

A

Wine-producing districts,

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21
Q

What is Einzellagen in Germany?

A

Individual vineyard site,

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22
Q

What is Grosslagen in Germany?

A

Collective vineyard sites, usually comprising several Einzellagen,

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23
Q

What are the four categories of VDP wine?

A

VDP Gutswein, VDP Ortswein, VDP Erste Lage, and VDP Grosse Lage

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24
Q

What is Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter (VDP)?

A

National German association of producers committed to top quality wine production founded in 1910 which promotes their wines through a four-tier vineyard classification system.

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25
Q

What is the most planted variety amongst VDP members?

A

Riesling, accounting for over half of their vineyards.

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26
Q

What is Rheingau Charta (pronounced Carter)?

A

It was introduced in 1984 to promote dry wines from the best vineyard sites of the Rheingau.

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27
Q

What are Erstes Gewachs?

A

Term used for the best dry wines from Rheingau produced from Riesling or Spatburgunder; minimum must weight equivalent to Spatlese.

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28
Q

What is Anbaugebiete?

A

Wine-producing regions of Germany

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29
Q

What is the largest wine region in Germany?

A

Rheinhessen is home to just under a quarter of German vineyards. It is also the largest in terms of production and yields are amongst the highest in Germany.

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30
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Rheinhessen?

A

Riesling is the most planted variety, just ahead of Muller-Thurgau, which, along with the other German crosses, is mainly used in inexpensive blends. White grapes dominate in Rheinhessen with just under 71 per cent of plantings.

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31
Q

What are the most important black varieties in Rheinhessen?

A

Dornfelder is the leading black variety, covering almost double the vineyard area of Spatburgunder.

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32
Q

What is the driest German wine-producing region?

A

Pfalz, only little less wines produced than in Rheinhessen, similar grape composition but due to warmer temperature wines tend to be slightly fuller-bodied with riper fruit flavours.

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33
Q

What region in Germany is warmest with most hours of sunshine?

A

Baden, best known for its red wines (Spatburgunder).

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34
Q

What is the most important white variety in Rheingau?

A

Riesling (78% of all plantings), the majority of these wines are made in a dry style.

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35
Q

What is the most important black variety in Rheingau?

A

Spatburgunder

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36
Q

Name most famous Bereich found in Mosel?

A

Bereich Bernkastel is the most famous.

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37
Q

Name Bereich found in Rheingau?

A

Bereich Johannisberg is the only bereich in the Rheingau and covers the whole region.

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38
Q

What is Grauburgunder?

A

German synonym for Pinot Gris used for the increasingly popular dry wines made from this grape in Germany. Sweeter wines are normally labelled Rulander.

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39
Q

What is mean Grosses Gewachs?

A

VDP classification of dry wines from the best vineyards, must be Spatlese ripeness.

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40
Q

What is Erste Gewachs?

A

Legal term used for dry wines in the Rheingau from the best vineyards.

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41
Q

Geisenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheingau

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42
Q

Piesport village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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43
Q

Erden village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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44
Q

Bernkastel village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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45
Q

Assmannshausen village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheingau

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46
Q

Hattenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheingau

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47
Q

Nackenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheinhessen

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48
Q

Oppenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheinhessen

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49
Q

Kallstadt village is found in what German Region?

A

Pfalz

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50
Q

Bad Durkheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Pfalz

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51
Q

Niederhausen village is found in what German Region?

A

Nahe

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52
Q

Schlossbockelheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Nahe

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53
Q

How much of land is planted with vines for wine production in Austria?

A

46,500 ha. One third of Austria area under vines is red varieties, they doubled in the last two decades.

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54
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Austria?

A

Gruner Veltliner (31% of all plantings), Welschriesling, Riesling (only 4% of all plantings)

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55
Q

What are the most important red varieties in Austria?

A

Zweigelt (most planted), Blaufrankisch, Sankt Laurent

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56
Q

What are Blaufrankisch synonyms?

A

Lemberger (Germany); Frankovka (Vojvodina).

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57
Q

What are the prime destinations for Blaufrankisch variety?

A

Leithaberg DAC and Mittelburgenland DAC

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58
Q

How is in Austria called Wine with Protected Geographic Indication (PGI)?

A

Landwein

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59
Q

How is in Austria called Wine with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)?

A

Qualitatswein. More than 85 per cent of production.

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60
Q

Name three tiers of DAC quality hierarchy?

A

Regional (Gebietswein), village (Ortswein) and single vineyard wines (Riedenwein)

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61
Q

Name four federal states in Austria that have any significant amount of viticulture?

A

Niederosterreich, Burgenland, Steiermark, and Wien.

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62
Q

What is Austria largest grape growing region?

A

Niederosterreich (Lower Austria). Two thirds of the plantings are of white varieties with Gruner Veltliner accounting for nearly half of all plantings. Many of Austrias most famous vineyards are situated in this region.

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63
Q

Name three regions Niederosterreich is generally broken down?

A

Weinviertel, regions along the Danube that are west of Vienna, and Pannonian plain

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64
Q

Name five regions along the Danube that are west of Vienna?

A

Wachau, Kremstal, Kamptal, Traisental and Wagram

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65
Q

What is the largest appellation in Niederosterreich?

A

Weinviertel. Not only in Niederosterreich but also in Austria as a whole.

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66
Q

What are most important Weinviertel varieties?

A

Principal grape variety is Gruner and it can be applied for Weinviertel DAC designation, all other varieties from Weinviertel are labelled Lower Austria. Muller-Thurgau; Welschriesling Weissburgunder and Riesling.

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67
Q

How much ha of vineyards Spain have?

A

The largest vineyard plantings in the world with 967,000 ha under production, however it is only the world third largest producer of wine (by volume), behind Italy and France.

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68
Q

Name two grape varieties that have the largest plantings in Spain?

A

Airen and Tempranillo

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69
Q

Name three most prestigious regions in Spain for Tempranillo?

A

Rioja, Ribera del Duero and Toro

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70
Q

What is the Spanish term for PDO wines?

A

Denominacion de Origen (DO).

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71
Q

Name two wine regions that have the status of Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa)?

A

Rioja and Priorat (Catalan: Denominacio dOrigen Qualificada (DOQ))

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72
Q

What is the Spanish term for PGI wines?

A

Vino de la Tierra (VT)

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73
Q

What is mean Crianza on Spanish label for red wines?

A

Red wines must be matured for two years, minimum of six months in barricas; which means a 2004 vintage may be sold from January 1 2007. Rioja; Ribera del Duero; and Navarra require one year in barrel for reds.

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74
Q

What is mean Reserva on Spanish label for red wines?

A

Red wines must be matured for three calendar years following the harvest; including a minimum of one year in barricas.

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75
Q

What is mean Gran Reserva on Spanish label for red wines?

A

Red wines must be matured for five calendar years following the harvest; including a minimum of 18 months in barricas. Rioja; Ribera del Duero; and Navarra require two years in barrel for reds.

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76
Q

What is the largest DO in Spain and also largest PDO in Europe?

A

La Mancha DO with 158,000 ha under the vines

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77
Q

What is the largest DO in Galicia?

A

Rias Baixas DO, just over 4000 ha of vines.

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78
Q

What is the most important variety in Rias Baixas?

A

Over 95 per cent of production is from the Albarino grape.

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79
Q

What is the most important variety in Bierzo DO?

A

Mencia is the key black grape, making up 75 per cent of all plantings, with some Godello and other white Galician varieties also grown.

80
Q

What is the most important variety in Ribera del Duero DO?

A

The reds must be a minimum of 75 per cent Tempranillo, with Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec, Garnacha and Albillo (a white grape that can add freshness to the blend, but is rarely used) also permitted, but, in reality, many wines are made entirely from Tempranillo.

81
Q

What is the most important variety in Rueda DO?

A

The key grape variety is Verdejo. Sauvignon Blanc is the next most important grape variety and can either be blended with Verdejo or be made as a single varietal wine.

82
Q

Name two DO region in Galicia that are producing good quality wines from Mencia?

A

Ribeira Sacra DO and Monterrei DO

83
Q

What was the first winery to be established in Ribera del Duero?

A

Vega Sicilia in the late 19th century but the winery that sparked the change so region became popular was Alejandro Fernandez Pesquera.

84
Q

Name three best producers in Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Vega Sicilia, Dominio de Pingus, and Bodegas Aalto.

85
Q

Name three zones of Rioja?

A

Rioja Alta, Rioja Alavesa and Rioja Oriental

86
Q

How many ha are planted with vines in Rioja?

A

There are currently just over 64,000 ha of vineyards, an increase of 50 per cent compared to plantings in 1990, and a figure that is still growing gradually.

87
Q

What are the most important black varieties in Rioja?

A

Tempranillo is by far the most planted grape, making up 88 per cent of plantings of black grape varieties. Garnacha is the second most planted grape variety. Others are Graciano, Mazuelo (Carignan), and Cabernet Sauvignon (very small plantings)

88
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Rioja?

A

Viura (Macabeo) making up around 70 per cent of plantings of white grape varieties but only 6.5 per cent of total plantings in Rioja. Tempranillo Blanco, Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca, Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc.

89
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Priorat DOQ?

A

Garnacha Blanca and Macabeo, make up just 6 per cent of all plantings, and are used to make a small amount of white wine.

90
Q

What are the most important red varieties in Priorat DOQ?

A

Garnacha is the most planted, then another traditional variety Cariena. International varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Merlot make up the majority of the rest of the plantings but their popularity has begun to fall, and some producers use only Garnacha and/or Carinena.

91
Q

Name two companies that are the biggest producers of Cava?

A

Freixenet and Codorniu

92
Q

More than 95 per cent of Cava is produced in what region?

A

Penedes in Cataluna

93
Q

What grape varieties are used for production of Cava?

A

Macabeo, Xarel-lo and Parellada. Chardonnay is increasingly used in blends.

94
Q

How much ha are planted with vines in Portugal?

A

190,000 ha, considerable decline since country joined EU, since focus is on higher quality planting material and sites

95
Q

What are three most planted red varieties in Portugal?

A

Tempranillo, Touriga Franca, Castelao

96
Q

What are three most planted white varieties in Portugal?

A

Fernao Pires, Roupeiro, Arinto

97
Q

What are the most important grapes used for Douro DOC red wines?

A

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Barroca and Tinta Cao. Douro wines are usually blends but single varietal wines, typically of Touriga Nacional or Tinta Roriz, can be found but are relatively rare.

98
Q

How much ha are planted with vines in Porto?

A

Around 38,000 ha are registered for the production of DOC wines, either Porto DOC for fortified wines or Douro DOC for unfortified wines. By far the largest proportion is red wines (over 75 per cent of sales)

99
Q

Name three sub-regions of Douro region?

A

Baixo Corgo (coolest and wettest region), the Cima Corgo (warmer and drier), and the Douro Superior or Upper Douro (hot and arid).

100
Q

What is the most planted grape variety in Greece?

A

Savatiano. It is mainly used to produce large volumes of inexpensive wine and is also the most common ingredient in Retsina. Good Savatiano wines have subtle aromas of citrus, pear and stone fruit as well as a nutty character with age.

101
Q

What is the second most planted grape variety in Greece?

A

Roditis. Used to produce large volumes of inexpensive wine and as a blending ingredient in Retsina. The best examples are medium-bodied with high acidity and flavours of ripe fruit, such as melon.

102
Q

What is Greeces best-known and most prized indigenous white grape?

A

Assyrtiko. Originally from Santorini, it is now widely planted on the mainland. Dry Assyrtiko typically has citrus, stone and tropical fruit, often with a strong smoky or flint characteristic. It also retains high levels of acidity when ripe, even in the hottest conditions.

103
Q

Sauvignon Blanc is usually blended with what local variety in Greece?

A

Assyrtiko

104
Q

Merlot is usually blended with what local variety in Greece?

A

Xinomavro, Merlot is used to soften out Xinomavro rough edges.

105
Q

What is the most planted red grape variety in Greece?

A

Agiorgitiko. The reds are deeply coloured with medium acidity, medium to high levels of soft tannins, medium alcohol and aromas of ripe red fruit (although it can become jammy if allowed to get extra ripe) and sweet spices.

106
Q

What is most prized indigenous black grape variety in Greece?

A

Xinomavro, often likened to Nebbiolo: in their youth, the wines can have unpleasantly high levels of acidity and grippy tannins with aromas that are more vegetal than fruity. The wines are pale-coloured and turn garnet rapidly.

107
Q

Xinomavro most famous wines come from what region in Greece?

A

Naoussa in northern Macedonia.

108
Q

Name Greece first wine region to be given its own official appellation title?

A

Naoussa in Macedonia became Greece very first wine region to be given its own official appellation title in 1971. Must be 100% Xinomavro; some producers adds Merlot and Syrah; but these must be sold under Macedonia PGI appellation.

109
Q

What is the Greek word for wine?

A

Oenos

110
Q

What is Sussreserve?

A

Unfermented or partially-fermented grape must, used to sweeten wine post-fermentation.

111
Q

What are Kabinett wines?

A

Produced from the grapes with the lowest must weights for Pradikatswein, Kabinett wines are the lightest in body and highest in acid. They can be dry to medium-sweet in style: those with residual sugar can have alcohol levels as low as 7% abv (the legal minimum) but dry wines can reach 12% abv.

112
Q

What are Spatlese wines?

A

Produced from fully-ripened grapes, which are usually picked about two weeks later than those destined for Kabinett wines. Spatlese wines can also range from dry to medium-sweet.

113
Q

What are Auslese wines?

A

Made from specially-selected, extra-ripe bunches of grapes. Auslese is the last category at which wines can be dry, although many of the best are sweeter in style, with a balance of sweetness and acidity that gives them potential for long bottle-ageing.

114
Q

What are Beerenauslese (BA) wines?

A

Made from individually selected berries, must therefore be harvested by hand. The berries need not be botrytized but it is a typical feature of these wines. The wines are rare (produced in small quantities from very low yields) and very expensive, only produced in years with suitable conditions for noble rot to form.

115
Q

What are Eiswein wines?

A

Minimum must weights are the same as for BA but the only healthy grapes (not rot) must be picked when they are frozen (below -7C), artificial freezing of the grapes is not permitted.

116
Q

What are Trockenbeerenauslese wines?

A

The shrivelled, raisin-like grapes must have been affected by botrytis and produce tiny amounts of highly concentrated, extremely sweet wines. However, the sweetness is still balanced by high acidity and this can help the wines age elegantly for a very long time. Rarely more than 8 per cent abv, most expensive wines produced in Germany.

117
Q

What are VDP Erste Lage?

A

This designates first-class vineyards with distinctive characteristics and is the equivalent to Burgundy premier cru. These are excellent quality wines with ageing potential. More stringent grape growing and winemaking regulations apply. Grapes must be harvested by hand and must be at least ripe enough to qualify for Spatlese status.

118
Q

What are VDP Grosse Lage?

A

The equivalent to Burgundy grand cru, they should be outstanding quality and have long ageing potential, only the vineyard name appears on the label and not the village. Permitted grape varieties differ according to the Anbaugebiete.

119
Q

What are Grosses Gewachs?

A

Dry wines made from grapes from Grosse Lage are designated Grosses Gewachs. The term Grosses Gewachs cannot appear on the label; instead the VDP GG trademark is used.

120
Q

Why is village of Assmanshause unique?

A

Assmanshause is different from the other Rheingau villages as it produces more red wines than white (60 per cent is Spatburgunder).

121
Q

What is Ausbruch?

A

TBA wines from the city of Rust, situated on Lake Neusiedlersee, are labelled Ausbruch. Part of Leithaberg region.

122
Q

What is the difference between Austrian and German Pradikatswein category?

A

Even though the different Pradikat levels are based on must weight at time of harvest as in Germany main difference is that Kabinett does not fall into the Pradikatswein system in Austria.

123
Q

What is DAC?

A

Appellation system aimed to promote regional typicity. Only these wines are permitted to display their origin, such as Weinviertel or Kamptal, on the label, whereas those that do not conform to the legislation, would have to use the larger area of Niederosterreich on their label. DAC letters are not a guarantee of quality, but rather an indicator of typicity.

124
Q

What was the first DAC region in Austria?

A

Weinviertel

125
Q

Neusiedlersee region is especially famous for what style of wine?

A

Very good and outstanding TBA styles made from Welschriesling. High humidity around the lake of the same name and warm sunny days afterwards means consistent noble rot in every vintage.

126
Q

Steiermark (Styria) region is famous for what kind of wine?

A

Located on the border with Slovenia, region is known for its crisp, dry, white wines, made for immediate, refreshing drinking.

127
Q

Name Austrian DAC for Gruner and Riesling?

A

Traisental DAC; Kremstal DAC; Kamptal DAC; Wachau DAC

128
Q

Name Austrian DAC only for Gruner?

A

Weinviertel DAC

129
Q

Name Austrian DAC only for Zweigelt?

A

Neusiedlersee DAC

130
Q

Name Austrian DAC only for Blaufrankisch?

A

Mittelburgenland DAC and Eisenberg DAC

131
Q

What is Vino de Pago (VP)?

A

Small number of single estates with high reputations that may only use their own grapes, which must be vinified and matured on their estate. These wines are also within the PDO category.

132
Q

What is Grandes Pagos de Espana?

A

To not be confused with Vino de Pago (VP). This is private association of prestigious estates, some sort of modern elite Spanish winery gentlemans club.

133
Q

What region in Spain has the most Vinos de Pago?

A

Castilla-La Mancha is home to nine of Spains 18 Vinos de Pago

134
Q

What is mean Crianza on Spanish label for white and rose wines?

A

White and rose must be matured for one calendar year, of which six months must be in barricas.

135
Q

What is mean Reserva on Spanish label for white and rose wines?

A

White and rose must be matured for two calendar years, of which six months must be in barricas.

136
Q

What is mean Gran Reserva on Spanish label for white and rose wines?

A

White and rose must be matured for four calendar years, of which six months must be in barricas.

137
Q

Rioja Alavesa is found in which autonomous community of Spain?

A

Basque Country (also known as Euskadi or Pais Vasco)

138
Q

Name five most important DO in Galicia?

A

Rias Baixas DO, Ribeiro DO, Ribeira Sacra DO, Valdeorras DO, and Monterrei DO

139
Q

What is the most important variety in Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Mencia made in a fresh, early drinking style, showing red cherry and raspberry fruit, medium body and tannins, and medium (+) acidity.

140
Q

Name four most important DO in Castilla y Leon?

A

Bierzo DO, Toro DO, Ribera del Duero DO, Rueda DO

141
Q

Under what appellation producers in Ribera del Duero are selling their white wines?

A

Rueda

142
Q

What are the most important varieties for Rose production in Navarra DO?

A

Significant volumes of medium to deep coloured, dry rose wines are still produced from Garnacha, sometimes in a blend with Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, with the grapes sourced mainly from the cooler, more northerly sub-regions.

143
Q

Name five most important DO in Catalunya?

A

Catalunya DO, Penedes DO, Priorat DOQ, Montsant DO, Costers Del Segre DO

144
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Penedes DO?

A

White grape varieties make up around 80 per cent of plantings. Xarel-lo, Macabeo and Parellada are the most planted (used for still and sparkling). There are also sizeable plantings of Chardonnay and smaller amounts of Sauvignon Blanc, Gewurztraminer and Riesling.

145
Q

What are the most important varieties in Montsant DO?

A

Black grape varieties dominate with 94 per cent of plantings, with two-thirds of those being Garnacha and Carinena. Unlike Priorat, Tempranillo is the next most planted grape, but there are also significant plantings of Syrah, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon.

146
Q

Where is located Montsant DO?

A

Forms almost a complete ring around Priorat DOQ, Mediterranean has bigger influence so there is no such extremes in weather, similar varieties.

147
Q

Name two most important DO in Castilla-La Mancha?

A

La Mancha DO and Valdepenas DO

148
Q

What are synonyms for Tempranillo in Portugal?

A

Tinta Roriz and Aragonez

149
Q

What are two major PDO situated in Macedonia (famous for Xinomavro)?

A

Naoussa and Amynteo

150
Q

What are two major PGI situated in Macedonia?

A

Drama and Kavala.

151
Q

What kind of wine is produced in Drama PGI?

A

Warm Drama Valley has established a strong reputation for high quality, full-bodied, modern style Bordeaux blends. Strong presence of international grape varieties, including Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc.

152
Q

What grape varieties are the most important in Kavala PGI?

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay and Semillon.

153
Q

What are two major PDO situated in Peloponnese?

A

Nemea and Mantinia

154
Q

What kind of wine is produced in Nemea PDO?

A

The PDO is only for red wines made from 100 per cent Agiorgitiko.

155
Q

What kind of wine is produced in Santorini PDO?

A

The PDO is for white wines only, both dry and sweet. The dry wines must contain at least 75 per cent Assyrtiko whereas the sweet wines must contain at least 51 per cent Assyrtiko; however many of the best are single varietals.

156
Q

Where is Cotes de Meliton (Playes Melitonos) located?

A

Appellation specially created by Domaine Carras on the slopes of Mount Meliton in Sithonia in Macedonia with assistance of Professor Emile Peynaud of Bordeaux.

157
Q

What grape varieties are used for red Cotes de Meliton DOP?

A

Reds are blend of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Limnio

158
Q

Describe Kabinett Riesling?

A

Kabinett Riesling is light-bodied, has high acidity and aromas of green and citrus fruit

159
Q

Describe Spatlese wines?

A

Compared to Kabinett theyhave a greater concentration of riper fruit flavours (typically stone fruits for Riesling), slightly higher alcohol levels (at a comparable level of residual sugar) and a fuller body.

160
Q

Describe Auslese wines?

A

Auslese wines have even riper and concentrated flavours that Spatlese. The wines often have honey characteristics and some of the grapes may have been affected by botrytis which will give added complexity of flavour.

161
Q

Describe Beerenauslese (BA) wines?

A

At must weights this high, the wine will always be sweet, reaching only relatively low levels of alcohol. With Riesling, the typical flavours are of very ripe and dried stone fruit.

162
Q

Describe Eiswein wines?

A

Riesling Eiswein tend to have high acidity and concentrated, pure peach and grapefruit flavours. Because only very small amounts are produced, Eiswein is rare and sells at premium prices.

163
Q

What is Liebfraumilch?

A

It is a medium white wine of Qualitatswein level with at least 18g/l residual sugar. Muller-Thurgau dominate the blend.

164
Q

What is a VDP logo which must appear on their wine capsules?

A

An eagle bearing a bunch of grapes

165
Q

What style of wine is produced by VDP members?

A

Much of the production is of dry wines, both white and red, although wines with residual sugar account for a significant proportion of VDP wine in the Mosel. These dry wines must be labelled Qualitatswein trocken. Pradikat levels are to be used only for wines with residual sweetness.

166
Q

What are VDP Gutswein?

A

These are regional wines, similar in style to generic or regional wines in Burgundy, which originate from a members holdings within a particular region.

167
Q

What are VDP Ortswein?

A

The equivalent of village wines in Burgundy, these are produced from grape varieties that are typical of their region.

168
Q

What is the Roter Hang?

A

Red slope is a prime vineyard site within Rheinterrasse around the town of Nierstein. The vineyard is named for its iron-rich sandstone soils, which give the soil its red hue, and the wines a distinctive mineral character.

169
Q

What is Rheinterrasse?

A

Famous informal winegrowing subregion of the Nierstein Bereich in Rheinhessen that accounts for around one-third of the total area of Riesling vines in the Rheinhessen and encompasses some of its most prized vineyards.

170
Q

Name seven most famous villages in Mosel?

A

Piesport, Brauneberg, Erden, Graach, Bernkastel, Urzig, and Wehlen

171
Q

Name eleven most famous villages in Rheingau?

A

Assmannshausen, Rudesheim, Geisenheim, Winkel, Hattenheim, Erbach, Hallgarten, Kiedrich, Hochheim, Johannisberg, and Eltville

172
Q

Name five most famous villages in Rheinhessen?

A

Nackenheim, Nierstein, Oppenheim, Westhofen, and Dalsheim

173
Q

Name seven most famous villages in Pfalz?

A

Kallstadt, Ungstein, Bad Durkheim, Wachenheim, Forst, Deidesheim, and Ruppertsberg

174
Q

Name three most famous villages in Nahe?

A

Niederhausen, Oberhausen Brucke, and Schlossbockelheim

175
Q

What is Schloss?

A

German word for castle; on a wine label it is equivalent to the French word Chateau.

176
Q

What is Osterreichische Traditionsweinguter (OTW)?

A

OTW is a group of producers, based in the Kamptal, Kremstal, Traisental, Wagram, Vienna and Carnuntum who have been classifying their vineyards, in a similar fashion to Burgundy, based on soil type and climate.

177
Q

What is Vinea Wachau?

A

Group of quality-minded producers based in Wachau. They also have classified single vineyards based on soil and climate, which can be displayed on the bottle. They have created registered trademarks for three different classifications of white wine to help indicate the style and quality.

178
Q

What is Steinfeder?

A

It is part of Vinea Wachau three tier classification. Steinfeder wines are fruity, dry wine, with a maximum of 11.5% abv. It is the lightest style of classification.

179
Q

What is Federspiel?

A

It is part of Vinea Wachau three tier classification. Federspiel wines are more concentrated than Steinfeder, they are dry with alcohol ranging from 11.5-12.5% abv.

180
Q

What is Smaragd?

A

It is part of Vinea Wachau three tier classification. Smaragd wines are typically a highly concentrated, dry wine, with ripe fruit flavours; minimum 12.5% abv.

181
Q

What is the first in Spain and probably most well-known Vino de Pago in Castilla-La Mancha?

A

Dominio de Valdepusa, producing wines from Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Petit Verdot.

182
Q

What is the most important variety in Toro DO?

A

Red wines must be a minimum of 75 per cent Tinta de Toro, with the remainder being Garnacha.

183
Q

What are the synonyms for Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Tinto Fino or Tinta del Pais

184
Q

City of Logrono is found in what region?

A

Rioja

185
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Navarra DO?

A

Chardonnay is the principal white grape. Sauvignon Blanc, Viura and Malvasia are also grown.

186
Q

What are the most important red varieties in Navarra DO?

A

Tempranillo isthe most planted grape, usually made as single varietal wine. Others are Garnacha, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot, which are usually made as blends.

187
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Navarra DO?

A

Chardonnay is the principal white grape. Sauvignon Blanc, Viura and Malvasia are also grown.

188
Q

What is the most important red variety in La Mancha DO?

A

Tempranillo (Cencibel), most planted black variety made in a fruity style with short contact with oak.

189
Q

What is the most important white variety in La Mancha DO?

A

Airen, with around 90,000 ha, neutral variety fermented in stainless steel to make a low-intensity, medium-acidity white wine for early consumption. However, much of its production is transported south for distillation into Brandy de Jerez.

190
Q

What are the most important red varieties in Costers Del Segre DO?

A

A wide range of both international and local varieties are permitted, including Garnacha, Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot for red and rose wines.

191
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Costers Del Segre DO?

A

A wide range of both international and local varieties are permitted, including Macabeo, Parellada and Xarel-lo (much of which is used in Cava production), Chardonnay, Garnacha Blanca and Sauvignon Blanc.

192
Q

What is the Portuguesse term for PDO wines?

A

Denominacao de Origem Protegida (DOP). Traditional term was Denominacao de Origem Controlada (DOC)

193
Q

What is the Portuguesse term for PGI wines?

A

Vinho Regional (VR). There are 14 VRs in Portugal

194
Q

What are the most important grapes used for Dao DOC red wines?

A

Touriga Nacional, Tinta Roriz, Jaen (Mencia) and Alfrocheiro, often blended but could be made as single varietal. Around 80 per cent of production in the region is of red wine. Overall, red wines from Dao tend to be less full-bodied and intense than those from the Douro, often with fresher flavours and higher acidity.

195
Q

What are the most important varieties used for Alentejo DOC red wines?

A

Aragonez, Alicante Bouschet and Trincadeira, often produced as a blend. Some international grape varieties are also permitted, and out of these Syrah is the most commonly used.

196
Q

Sandy phylloxera-free soils and ungrafted vines are found in what part of Lisboa?

A

Colares DOP. It is famous as much for its sandy; phylloxera-free soils and ungrafted vines as the robust; tannic red wine it produces from Ramisco grapes which is out of fashion these days.

0. Unisea (13 decks)

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