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Italy Flashcards

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0
Q

What are some major grapes grown in Italy?

A 
Sangiovese
Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolce too
Pinot Grigio
Vernaccia
Malvasia
Trebbiano
Canaiolo
Merlot
Cab Sauv
Chardonnay
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1
Q

Which grapes are commonly blended to make supertuscans?

A

Cab Sauv, Merlot, Sangiovese, canaiolo

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2
Q

Which set of laws introduced IGTs (indicazione geografica tipica) to Italy in 1992?

A

Gloria laws

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3
Q

What are the levels of quality in Italy from lowest to highest?

A

Vino da tavola – bulk wine
Indicazione geografica tipica IGT – labeled by grape
Denominazione di origine controllata DOC – labeled by region or by grape and region
Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita DOCG – strictest regulations and must pass lab test

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4
Q

When were DOCG wines established in Italy and what were the first four?

A

1980

Barolo
Barbaresco
Brunello di montalcino
Vino nobile di montepulciano

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5
Q

What are the mesoclimates of Italy?

A

Alpine in the north
Mid country
Arid and warm in the south

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6
Q

According to the EU-wide system, which Italian quality levels are considered Wines With Origin?

A

IGT
DOC
DOCG

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7
Q

What makes Itaian wines so versatile with food pairings?

A

High acidity

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8
Q

How are frothy or carbonated wines referred to in Italy?

A

Spumante

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9
Q

What does passito mean?

A

Italian term for grapes that have been dried out before crushing in order to concentrate sugars

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10
Q

What does reserva refer to in Italy?

A

Wines that have been aged for a certain time longer than the minimum time

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11
Q

What method is typically used for sparkling wines in Italy?

A

Charmat

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12
Q

What does Classico refer to in Italian wines?

A

A more restrictive area inside a recognized region

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13
Q

What qualifies a superiore wine?

A

Italian wines with higher alcohol, longer aging periods, or a more specific appellation

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14
Q

Name a producer of brunello di montalcino

A

Biondi-santi

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15
Q

Describe the culture and cuisine of Piedmont, Itsly and the reasoning behind it.

A

French! Creamy, buttery cuisine due to proximity to France.

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16
Q

Describe Piedmont’s relationship with blending.

A

No blends. more focus on single varietal wines and terroir

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17
Q

Despite the rain shadow effect from the Alps, which weather phenomenons does Piedmont experience?

A

Hail and fog

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18
Q

Where are Barolo and barbaresco DOCGs and what grape makes their wine?

A

Piedmont, Italy

Nebbiolo

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19
Q

What is brachetto and where is it from?

A

Red spumante from Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG, Piedmont made with barbera or Nebbiolo or the brachetto grape. Traditionally served with fruit or sausage.

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20
Q

What are good vintages for Piedmont?

A

1996-2004

2006

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21
Q

What are main grapes in Piedmont?

A 
Nebbiolo
Barbera
Cortese
Moscato
Dolcetto
Arneis
Chardonnay
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22
Q

What are the rules for aging in Barolo DOCG?

A

3 years including 2 in small French oak barrels
5 years aging for riserva wines

The longer barolos age, the better because tannins have more time to mellow.

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23
Q

What is the minimum alcohol in Barolo and Barbaresco DOCGs?

A

12.5%

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24
Q

What is the “wine of kings, king of wines?”

A

Barolo

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25
Q

What are good vintages in Barolo and Barbaresco DOCGs?

A

2001
2004
2008
2010

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26
Q

What are aging rules in Barbaresco DOCG?

A

Aged minimum 2 years including 1 in oak.

riserva requires 4 years

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27
Q

What grape is Asti made from and why are they low alcohol wines?

A

100% Moscato.

Arrested fermentation retains RS and keeps alcohol low.

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28
Q

Is Asti or moscato d’asti sweeter? Which is higher in alcohol. Which is more carbonated?

A

Moscato d’Asti is sweeter.
Asti is higher in alcohol.
Asti is more carbonated.

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29
Q

Which is considered Spumante and which is considered frizzante–Asti or moscato d’asti?

A

Asti is Spumante and moscato d’asti is frizzante.

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30
Q

What’s method is used to make Italian spumantes and frizzantes?

A

Charmat

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31
Q

What is the legal max of alcohol in moscato d’asti?

A

5.5%

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32
Q

Which grape grows in Gavi DOCG?

A

Cortese–white

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33
Q

Where is Gavi DOCG?

A

Piedmont

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34
Q

What grape is grown in Ruero DOCG and where is it?

A

Nebbiolo

Piedmont

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35
Q

Where is Valle d’Aosta DOC?

A

lombardia in northern Italy

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36
Q

Which is the area of Italy in which other majority of the wine regions are DOC or Higher?

A

Piedmont

37
Q

What is franciacorta DOCG? Where is it form and which grapes go into it?

A

Sparkling wine from lombardia made through metodo Classico. They are not regular spumantes. They are made with Pinot noir, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay and sometimes pinto Grigio.

38
Q

What are two sparkling wines from Lombardy?

A

Franciacorta DOCG and Oltrepaso Classico DOCG

39
Q

What method and what grape is used to make Oltrepaso pavese?

A

Metodo Classico

Pinot noir

40
Q

What is the German name for Trentino Alto Adige?

A

sudtirol

41
Q

What is primary grape of Trentino alto Adige?

A

Pinot Grigio

42
Q

What is pergola trentina?

A

Trellising up poles and across wires to minimize dew and rot. The disadvantage is high yields which lowers quality.

43
Q

What grape makes Piedmont’s vin santo? Which grapes make tuscany’s vin santo?

A

Nosiola

Trebbiano and/or Malvasia

44
Q

What are major grapes of Trentino Alto Adige?

A 
Pinot Grigio
Chardonnay
Pinot Bianco
Merlot
Cab franc
Cab Sauv
Tocai
Sauv Blanc 
Pinot noir
Schiava
45
Q

What grapes comprises at least 70% of valtellina DOCG wines?

A

Nebbiolo

46
Q

Which are two landlocked areas of northern Italy?

A

Piedmont

Trentino Alto Adige

47
Q

Which area of Italy has the most DOC and DOCG wines?

A

Veneto

48
Q

How is pinto Grigio aged in Veneto?

A

Stainless steel

49
Q

What are major grapes of Veneto?

A 
Pinot Grigio
Trebbiano
Cab franc
Merlot
Corvina 
Glera
Molinara
Rondinella
50
Q

What is Soave DOC known for? Where is it and what grapes go into its wines?

A

Sweet wines made from a blend of garganega blended with trebbiano. It is in Veneto. some sweet wines made through recioto method.

51
Q

How does the Charmat fermentation method differ from the metodo Classico?

A

With Charmat method, the Second fermentation takes place is pressurized tanks to create carbonation.

52
Q

How does prosecco differ in taste from champagne?

A

Prosecco is not yeasty

53
Q

What are two DOCs in Veneto that produce prosecco?

A

Prosecco di valdobbiadene and prosecco di conegliano

54
Q

What is bardolino?

A

Also called chiaretto. It is an inexpensive, quaffable sparkling wine made from corvina, molinara, and rondinella. It is from bardolino DOC in the Veneto.

55
Q

What is the climate of the Veneto?

A

Coastal areas moderated by water, cooler inland alpine areas.

56
Q

What grapes go into valpolicella?

A

Corvina, molinara, rondinella

57
Q

What is a sweet wine from valpolicella DOC?

A

Recioto Della valpolicella. Recioto process arrests fermentation early to retain sugar.

58
Q

Describe amarone Della valpolicella.

A

Recioto process raisinates grapes (molinara, corvina, and rondinella) and fermentation is full completed to create a dry wine. Aged for 5+ years (some in oak). 14-16% ABV. Good vintages 1995-2001.

59
Q

What is ripasso?

A

Newly fermented valpolicella wine is added to amarone pumice to create valpolicella superiore.

60
Q

What grapes grow in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A 
Pinot Grigio
Pinto Bianco
Sauv Blanc
Chardonnay
Cab Sauv
Merlot
Cab franc
Tocai
Riesling
Refrosco
Friulano
61
Q

Where is cinque terre DoC and what kind of wines are produced there?

A

Liguria, Italy. Whites and roses.

62
Q

Where can Lambrusco be found? What is it?

A

Red sparkling wine ranging from dry to sweet from Emilia romagna DOCG.

63
Q

How did the rise of supertuscans change DOC laws?

A

IGT category emerged

64
Q

What grapes grow in Tuscany?

A 
Trebbiano
Sangiovese
Vernaccia
Malvasia
Syrah
Cab Sauv
Merlot
Canaiolo
65
Q

What are good vintages in Tuscany?

A

2003-2007

66
Q

In chianti DOCG wines, how much of a wine must be comprised of Sangiovese? What are the other blending grapes?

A

75% - 100% Sangiovese
Cab Sauv
Canaiolo

67
Q

What are the percentage breakdowns of chianti classico DOCG wines?

A

Min. 80% Sangiovese

Max. 20% cab Sauv/Merlot/Syrah

68
Q

What is the symbol of chianti Classico?

A

Gallo Nero

69
Q

How long must chianti Classico riservas be aged?

A

25 months

70
Q

What are good vintages of chianti Classico?

A

2001 and 2007

71
Q

What are the percentage makeup of vino nobile di montepulciano DOCG?

A

70-100% pugnolo gentile AkA Sangiovese

72
Q

What is the percentage makeup of brunello di montalcino?

A

100% brunello AkA Sangiovese

73
Q

What are the aging specifications for brunello di montalcino?

A

Normale: 4 years with 2 in oak
Riserva: 5 years with 2 in oak

74
Q

What kind of oak is used to age brunello di montalcino?

A

Old slavonian or new French or a combo of the two

75
Q

What are good vintages of brunello di montalcino?

A

1999
2004
2007

76
Q

What area is also covered with brunello di montalcino DOCG?

A

Rossa di montalcino DOC

77
Q

What is the percentage of components of rosso di montalcino?

A

100% brunello/prugnolo/Sangiovese

78
Q

What is the difference between brunello and rosso di montalcino?

A

Rosso di montalcino is lighter, fruitier and less complex. Made from younger vines with looser rules.

79
Q

What white grape grows near san gimignano?

A

Vernaccia

80
Q

What are the percentage breakdowns of components in Carmingnano DOCG wines?

A 
Min. 50% Sangiovese
10-20% cab Sauv
Max 20% canaiolo
Max 10% Trebbiano or Malvasia
Max 10% other
81
Q

What is a madre?

A

A thick residue from a former batch of crushed grapes, which is combined with new crushed grapes. It is used to make vin santo in Tuscany.

82
Q

What grapes make vin santo in Tuscany? How long are vin santos aged?

A

Trebbiano
Malvasia
3-6 years in small wooden barrels

83
Q

What process contributes to the creation of vin santo in Tuscany?

A

Passito

84
Q

Where is Est Est Est! Di montefiascone DOC and what kind of wine is produced there?

A

Lazio. Lean dry whites

85
Q

What grapes grow in morellino di scansano DOCG?

A

Sangiovese

86
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Orvieto DOCG?

A

Whites and botrytised

87
Q

Where taurasi DOCG and what grapes are grown there? What pairs well with Taurasi?

A

In campania, Italy.
Aglianico grape.
Pairs with steak, lamb, big fatty meats.

88
Q

sicily’s classification System is marked by which letter on the label?

A

Q

89
Q

What grape is prominent in Sicily?

A

Nero d’avola

90
Q

What is Marsala, where is it form and which grapes go into it?

A

A fortified wine from Sicily ranging from dry to sweet made with catarratto, grillo and inzolia grapes.
colors are gold, Amber or ruby.
17-18% ABV.
Aging: fine–aged one year
Superiore riserva–aged four years
Vergine– aged five years
Vergine stravecchio–aged ten years

Wine (23 decks)

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