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FSS1601 ITA > ITA-Block 4 > Flashcards

ITA-Block 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three stages of a thunderstorm?

A

Cumulus, mature, and dissipating

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2
Q

What are the two main types of thunderstorms?

A

Air mass thunderstorms and frontal thunderstorms

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3
Q

What causes air mass thunderstorms?

A

Convection or orographic lift

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4
Q

What causes frontal thunderstorms?

A

Mostly cold fronts, but sometimes warm fronts

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5
Q

Gust front

A

The result of strong downdrafts in the mature stage of a thunderstorm which spreads out horizontally when it reaches the ground

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6
Q

Downburst

A

A severe downward rush of air Can be classified as microbursts or macrobursts

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7
Q

Macroburst

A

A argue downwind burst Diameter of two miles or more Lasting 5-20 mins

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8
Q

Microburst

A

A downburst less than two miles in diameter Lasts ten to twenty minutes Classified as wet or dry Speed up to 6000 feet per minute Horizontal ground level winds of up to 80knots

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9
Q

Virga

A

When precipitation falls but doesn’t reach the ground Often a precursor of microbursts

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10
Q

Squall lines

A

Non frontal, narrow bands of highly active thunderstorms Range from one to several hundred miles in length Can be broken or a continuous line

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11
Q

Cumulonimbus mamma cloud

A

A round under hanging of the cloud that may be an indictation of a tornado.

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12
Q

Two types of turbulence

A

Thermal and friction

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13
Q

What are the types of friction turbulence?

A

Mechanical turbulence, shear turbulence, frontal turbulence

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14
Q

What are the types of thermal turbulence?

A

Daytime convection and cold air advection

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15
Q

Daytime convection turbulence

A

Turbulence caused by the uneven heating of the earths surface

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16
Q

Cold air advection turbulence

A

When cold air moves over warmer water or land, heating from below and causing turbulence

17
Q

Clear air turbulence

A

CAT Jet stream turbulence

18
Q

Conditions for clear air turbulence

A

No clouds Strong jet stream Rapid change in wind speed Rapid change in wind direction

19
Q

Turbulence

A

An irregular motion of the air resulting from the formation of eddies or vertical currents in the air

20
Q

Requirements for thunderstorm formation

A

-unstable air -lifting action -air with a high moisture content

21
Q

Information in a METAR

A

Message type Station identifier Observation time Wind Visibility RVR Present weather Sky cover Temperature Dew point Altimeter Recent weather Wind shear Remarks

22
Q

When are METARS usually taken?

A

On the hour

23
Q

SPECI

A

A report taken at any time to report significant weather not previously reported

24
Q

TAF

A

Aerodrome forecast that is broken down into time segments Do not include temperature or pressure

25
Q

PIREP

A

A report of weather conditions encountered by an aircraft in flight Must indicate whether it is urgent (UUA) or normal (UA), location, flight level, and aircraft

26
Q

SIGMET

A

A SIGMET is only issued for the most serious hazards Issued when the phenomena is forecast to occur in the next four hours The exception is for volcanic ash which can be forecast up to 12 hours in advance Valid for up to four hours

27
Q

What phenomena can a SIGMET be used to report?

A

Areas of active thunderstorms Lines of thunderstorms Hurricanes/tropical storms Heavy hail Severe turbulence Severe icing Marked mountain waves Widespread sand or dust storms Volcanic ash cloud LLWS severe squall line Tornado or waterspout

28
Q

AIRMET

A

A short term weather advisory intended for pilots in flight not previously stated or to amend GFA Issued by weather centres across Canada Valid until updated, cancelled or the next GFA.

29
Q

GFA

A

Graphic Area Forecast

30
Q

FD

A

Forecast Digital Upper winds and temperatures chart Code : ddff+/-tt If wind speed 100KTS and above, a value of 50 is added to the direction Issued by cdn met centre in Montreal or in U.S. National weather service in Suitland, Maryland

31
Q
A

A land aerodrome without hard surfaced runways

FSS1601 ITA (12 decks)

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