IT101-1L (3-5 Lessons) :( Flashcards
are essential in programming as they allow programs to display information to the user
Output operations
displaying output to the screen or console can be achieved using the
print function
the ______ character is used to insert a newline in the output.
\n
specifies what to print at the end of the output.
end parameter
are special character combinations that allow you to represent characters that are difficult to type or have a special meaning within a string
Escape sequences
- Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line.
\n: Newline
Inserts a horizontal tab.
\t: Tab -
- Inserts a double quote character.
\” : Double quote
- Inserts a single quote character.
\’: Single quote
Inserts a backslash character.
\\: Backslash -
\n what is this called?
new line
\t what is this called?
tab
" What is this called?
double quote
' what is called?
single quote
\ what is this called?
Backslash
allow you to specify where and how the values of variables should be inserted into the output.
Placeholders
are used within output statements to indicate the position and format of variable values.
Placeholders
%d:
Signed integer
%f:
Floating-point number
%s:
String
function to accept user input
input()
function to convert the string to an integer so that we can perform numerical operations with it.
int()
Adds two values together.
Addition (+):
: Subtracts one value from another.
Subtraction (-)
Multiplies two values.
Multiplication (*):
Divides one value by another.
Division (/):
Computes the remainder after division.
Modulus (%):
Divides one value by another and returns the integer quotient.
Floor Division (//):
Raises one value to the power of another.
Exponentiation (**):
Operator precedence?
- Exponentiation (**)
- Unary operators (e.g., -x, +x)
- Multiplication (*), Division (/), Floor Division (//), Modulus (%)
- Addition (+), Subtraction (-)
are used to assign values to variables in programming language
Assignment operators
is used to assign a value to a variable.
The basic assignment operator (=)
): It multiplies the variable on the left-hand side by the value on the right-hand side and assigns the result to the left-hand side variable.
Multiplication Assignment Operator (*=
It divides the variable on the left-hand side by the value on the right-hand side and assigns the result to the left-hand side variable
Division Assignment Operator (/=):
It performs floor division on the variable on the left-hand side by the value on the right-hand side and assigns the integer quotient to the left-hand side variable.
Floor Division Assignment Operator (//=):
It computes the remainder when the variable on the left-hand side is divided by the value on the right-hand side and assigns the result to the left-hand side variable
Modulus Assignment Operator (%=):
are used to manipulate individual bits of binary numbers in computer programming.
Bitwise operators
The AND operator compares two bits and returns 1 if both bits are 1, otherwise returns 0
AND Operator (&):
The OR operator compares two bits and returns 1 if at least one of the bits is 1, otherwise returns 0.
OR Operator (|):
The XOR operator compares two bits and returns 1 if the bits are different (one 0 and the other 1), otherwise returns 0.
XOR Operator (^):
The complement operator flips the bits, turning 0 to 1 and 1 to 0.
Complement Operator (~):
The left shift operator shifts the bits of a number to the left by a specified number of positions, effectively multiplying the number by a power of 2.
Left Shift Operator («):
The right shift operator shifts the bits of a number to the right by a specified number of positions, effectively dividing the number by a power of 2.
Right Shift Operator (»):
