Cs100 prelims (pt 1) Flashcards
a machine that allows a user to
perform calculations or
computations.
Computers
What makes a computer a computer?
Input
Output
Processing
Storage
Programmability
Receives data
Input
Displays or produces information
Output
Manipulates data
Processing
Saves data for later use
Storage
can be instructed to perform tasks
Programmability
What are computers in academic use?
To check Learning Management
Systems (Blackboard Learn)
To read reference material
To communicate with peers or
mentors
To write academic or scholarly
materials
Computers in
Professional Use
-Use spreadsheet for budget
tracking + performing other
heavy-duty computations
-Transfer information from one
location to another
-Conduct virtual meetings with
clients and other stakeholders
Computers in Society
Weather Forecasting
Banking and Finance
Accessing Information
Job Search
Entertainment / Gaming
Accessibility for PWD
Healthcare and Public Safety
Others
History of Computers
Ancient and Classical Era
The 19th Century
The 20th Century and Now
Ancient and Classical Era
The Abacus, Sumer (ca. 2700 – 2300 BC)
The Abacus, China (ca. 1050 – 771 BC)
The Antikythera Mechanism, Greece (ca. 100 BC)
The 19th Century
The Analytical Engine, Babbage & Lovelace (1837), Swade (2002)
Arithmometer, Payen (1887)
The 20th Century and Now
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), Beck & Snyder, 1945
Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC), Eckert & Mauchly, 1951
Age of Transistors, 1950s
Age of Integrated Circuits, 1960s
Age of Microprocessors, 1970s
Apple II Computer, Apple, Inc., Jobs & Wozniak, 1978
Age of Personal and Ubiquitous Computers 1980s – 2020s
Age of Quantum Computers, 2030s
Who observed Moore’s law?
Gordon Moore
What is Moore’s law
It states that Number of transistors on a microchip doubles roughly every two years
ISSUES IN COMPUTING
Digital divide
Cybercrime
Data Privacy Violations
Is the act of effective use of digital tools and resources.
Digital Literacy
Being digitally literate makes you a __________
Digital Citizen
Critically evaluating digital information and media.
Digital literacy
Observing safe and responsible online behavior.
Digital literacy
despite how progressive society is, there are areas that are being left out
Digital divide
This results in slow progress, overall leaving a sector / community behind everyone else
Digital divide
Digital divide factors/Barriers
Geographical
Political
Economic
Educational
Its impossible to supply power into some areas in the philippines due to their remote location
Geographical
Democratic people’s republic of korea restricts internet access and computer use to privileged individuals
Political
Some people can’t afford to purchase computers or have decent internet access
Economic
Some cannot even read nor write, what more of using a computer
Educational
An act of protecting computer systems and networks from digital attacks.
Cybersecurity
Safeguarding confidential data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction
Cybersecurity
Implementing security measures to reduce risks and vulnerabilities.
Cybersecurity
Ensuring business continuity and resilience against cyber threats.
Cybersecurity
are online or computer-based illegal actions.
Cybercrimes
This includes actions such as hacking, identity theft, and spreading malware to steal data or disrupt systems, to name a few.
Cybercrimes
Protection of personal information from unauthorized access.
Data Privacy
Individuals control how their data is collected, used, and shared
Data Privacy
occurs when personal information is collected, used, or disclosed without proper authorization or consent.
A data privacy violation
Computer communications describes a process in which two or more computers or devices
transfer data, instructions, and information
Communications
allows users to send and receive short text messages on a phone or other mobile device or computer
Text messaging
Sms meaning?
Short message service
allows users to send pictures and sound files
picture messaging
allows users to send short video clips Wireless instant messaging allows wireless users to exchange real-time messages with one or more other users
Video messaging
allow people to connect wirelessly to the Internet from home, work, school, and in many public locations
Wireless Internet access points
is a coffeehouse, restaurant, or other location that provides personal computers with Internet access to its customer
cybercafé
is a navigation system that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the GPS receiver’s geographic location
global positioning system
Gps meaning?
Global positioning system
Helps groups of people work together on projects and share information over a network
Groupware
Component of workgroup computing
Groupware
Allows someone to leave a voice message for one or more people
Voice mail
includes tools that enable users to share documents via online meetings and communicate with other connected users
Collaboration software
tools of collaboration software? (3)
> Online meetings
Web conferences
Document Management systems
enable programmers to create applications that communicate with other remote computers over the Internet or on an internal business network
Web services
a Web application that combines services from two or more sources
mashup
is a collection of computers and devices connected together via
communications devices and transmission media
network
is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area
local area network
LAN meanign?
Local area network
is a LAN that uses no physical wires
wireless LAN
WLAN meaning
Wireless LAN
MAN meaning?
Metropolitan area network
connects LANs in a metropolitan area
metropolitan area network
is a network that covers a large geographical area
A wide area network
WAN meaning?
Wide area network
The design of computers, devices, and media on a network
Network architecture
describes an Internet network on which users access each other’s hard disks and exchange files directly over the Internet
P2P
types of network architecture:
Client/server network
Peer to peer network
refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network
network topology
types of network topology
Star network
bus network
ring network
is an internal network that uses Internet technologies
intranet
allows customers or suppliers to access part of its intranet
extranet
is a network standard that specifies no computer controls when data can be transmitted
Ethernet
standard specifies that computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal (token)
The token ring
is a network standard that defines how messages are routed from one end of a network to another
TCP/IP
TCP/IP meaning?
Transmission control protocol/internet protocol
https meaning?
Hypertext transfer protocol secure
identifies any network based on the 802.11 standard that facilitates wireless communication
Wi-Fi
defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-range radio
waves to transmit data
Bluetooth
specifies how two UWB devices use short-range
radio waves to communicate at high speeds
UWB
UWB meaning?
(ultra-wideband)
transmits data wirelessly via infrared (IR) light waves
IrDA
IrDA?
infrared data association
uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached
to an object, animal, or person
RFID
RFID?
Radio Frequency Identification
Developed by IEEE
* Towers can cover a 30-mile radius
* Two types are fixed wireless and mobile wireless
* Provides wireless broadband Internet access
WiMAX (802.16)
WiMax?
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
Specifies how some mobile devices can display the content of Internet services
Wireless Application Protocol
(WAP)?
Wireless Application Protocol
consists of programs that:
>Help users establish a connection to another computer or network
>Manage the transmission of data, instructions, and information
>Provide an interface for users to communicate with one another
Communications software
is the worldwide telephone system
PSTN
PSTN
public switched telephone network
connections transmit data downstream at a much faster rate than upstream
ADSL
ADSL?
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
is any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device
communications device
converts signals between analog and digital
dial-up modem
sends and receives data and information to and from a digital line
digital modem
uses the cell phone network to connect to the Internet wirelessly from a notebook computer, a smart phone, or other mobile device
wireless modem
enables a computer or device to access a network
network card
is a central communications device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to a wired network
wireless access point
connects multiple computers or other routers together and transmits data to its correct destination on a network
router
connects several devices in a network together
hub or switch
Types of wired home networks:
Ethernet
Powerline cable
Phoneline
The amount of data that can travel over a communications channel sometimes
Bandwidth
is the time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network
Latency
carries one or more signals
Transmission media
transmit multiple signals simultaneously
Broadband media
is a form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications
Cellular radio
are radio waves that provide a high-speed signal transmission
Microwaves
is a space station that receives microwave signals from an earth-based station, amplifies it, and broadcasts the signal over a wide area
communications satellite
Wi-fi
Wireless fidelity
