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21PSY-2AL-B1 TW > Issues & Debates: Free Will V Determinism DP > Flashcards

Issues & Debates: Free Will V Determinism DP Flashcards

1
Q

What does free will suggest we are free to choose?

A

Our behaviours, thoughts and actions

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2
Q

What does free will believe we have the ability to reject?

A

Internal and external pressures

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3
Q

This side of the debate believes that we have the ability to self-determine our own destiny

A

Free will

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4
Q

This side of the debate argues that all behaviour is controlled and caused by external and/or internal factors

A

Determinism

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5
Q

What does determinism argue?

A

All behaviour is controlled and caused by external and/or internal factors

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6
Q

What does determinism say individuals do not have?

A

Free will over their behaviour

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7
Q

Topic evidence for free will comes from…

A

Humanism / Humanistic approach

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8
Q

Which approach argues that humans are self-determining and provides topic evidence for free will?

A

Humanism

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9
Q

Which type of determinism argues that individuals do not have any choice in the behaviour they display?

A

Hard determinism

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10
Q

Which type of determinism argues that as individuals we also have the ability to make conscious decisions about what we want in life?

A

Soft determinism

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11
Q

Hard determinism argues that individuals…

A

do not have any choice in the behaviour they display

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12
Q

Soft determinism argues that as individuals we have…

A

the ability to make conscious decisions about what we want in life

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13
Q

Vulnerability to developing OCD is caused by internal factors such as the inheritance of a mutated SERT gene which causes anxiety

This is an example of…

A

hard determinism / biological determinism

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14
Q

Topic evidence for soft determinism comes from…

A

Social learning theory

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15
Q

Topic evidence for hard determinism comes from…

A

The biological explanation for OCD / SZ

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16
Q

Social learning theory is topic evidence for which type of determinism?

A

Soft determinism

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17
Q

How is social learning theory an example of soft determinism?

A

Our thought processes play a role as to whether or not we identify someone as a role model

18
Q

What does biological determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

A

Internal biological factors such as genetics, evolution and hormones

19
Q

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by internal biological factors such as genetics, evolution and hormones?

A

Biological determinism

20
Q

Addiction to a substance/behaviour can be encouraged through lower levels of D2 receptors

This is an example of…

A

Biological determinism

21
Q

What does environmental determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

A

External factors within individuals’ surroundings such as parents, society, schools, peers, upbringing, e.g. reinforcements and punishments

22
Q

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by external factors within individuals’ surroundings?

A

Environmental determinism

23
Q

An infant learns to attach to their caregiver via stimulus, response, association with the food provided

This is an example of…

A

Environmental determinism

24
Q

Topic evidence for biological determinism comes from…

A

Brain neurochemistry explanation of addiction / biological explanation of OCD / biological explanation of SZ

25
Q

Topic evidence for environmental determinism comes from…

A

Learning theory explanation of attachment / phobias / nicotine addiction / gambling addiction

26
Q

What does psychic determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

A

Unconscious conflict within the mind which have been repressed from early childhood

27
Q

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by unconscious conflict within the mind which have been repressed from early childhood?

A

Psychic determinism

28
Q

Topic evidence for psychic determinism comes from…

A

Structure of personality (psychodynamic approach)

29
Q

A guilty/anxious personality could be caused by an overactive superego

This is an example of…

A

Psychic determinism

30
Q

Deterministic research helps establish…

A

cause and effect

31
Q

What type of research method led to determinism?

A

Lab experiments where the IV is manipulated

32
Q

How can lab experiments be sure of what is controlling behaviour?

A

Due to controlling all extraneous variables in a lab setting

33
Q

Establishing cause and effect between the IV and DV has led to…

A

General laws of behaviour being created

34
Q

What has led to general laws of behaviour being created?

A

Establishing cause an effect between the IV and DV

35
Q

Determinism allows us to predict behaviour and to control/treat behaviour. This is a strength of…

A

practical applications

36
Q

How does determinism lead to practical applications?

A

Knowing the cause of abnormal behaviour allows us to develop treatments

37
Q

Hard determinism is inconsistent with the idea of self control and responsibility. This has implications for…

A

the British legal system

38
Q

Which type of determinism restricts the use of determinism in the real world e.g. the British legal system?

A

Hard determinism

39
Q

Which side of the debate has a more positive stance?

A

Free will

40
Q

How does free will have a more positive stance than determinism?

A

It allows people to believe they have control over their behaviour which may have a positive effect on mental health

21PSY-2AL-B1 TW (75 decks)

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