Addiction - Explanations for gambling addiction- Cognitive theory Flashcards

1
Q

What does the cognitive theory argue addictive behaviour is due to?

A

Cognitive Distortions and/or faulty thought processes

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2
Q

What is a cognitive bias?

A

A person has faulty thinking, memory and attentional processes are faulty leading to irrational judgments and poor decisions

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3
Q

Cognitive biases are faulty thinking and attentional processes. What do they lead to?

A

Irrational decisions and poor decisions

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4
Q

How many cognitive biases are there?

A

4

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5
Q

Who identified cognitive biases?

A

Rickwood et al

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6
Q

What is faulty beliefs of skills and judgement?

A

Gamblers have an illusion of control they overestimate their ability to control a random event.

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7
Q

Which cognitive bias is this? Gamblers have an illusion of control as they overestimate their ability to control a random event

A

Faulty belief of skills and judgment

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8
Q

Which cognitive bias is this? Jimmy knows that he will win at gambling as he has studied the roulette wheel and knows it always goes red, red, black then red.

A

Faulty belief of skills and judgment

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9
Q

What is the cognitive bias of engaging in personal traits/ritual behaviours?

A

Gamblers belief they have a better chance of winning because they are lucky or have superstitious behaviour

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10
Q

Which bias is this? Mark knows he will win in poker because he is using his lucky cards.

A

Engaging in personal traits/rituals behaviours

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11
Q

Which bias is this? Owen is confident he will win because he is a lucky guy.

A

Engaging in personal traits/rituals behaviours

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12
Q

What is selective recall?

A

Gamblers remember certain types of information/events better than others.

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13
Q

Which bias is this? Robbie has lost his last five bets but when asked about this he prefers to talk about when he won £100 last week

A

Selective recall

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14
Q

Which bias is this? William claims that his latest loss on a horse race was an unexpected mystery but his wins are down to his excellence at understanding horses

A

Selective recall

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15
Q

What is faulty perception?

A

Addicted gamblers have distorted views about the operation of chance

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16
Q

What is the gamblers fallacy?

A

Gamblers have distorted views about the operation of chance

17
Q

Which bias is this? Del Boy claims that he is just on a losing streak and that his luck is about to turn

A

Faulty perception

18
Q

What does self efficacy refer to?

A

A person’s perceived ability to control their own behaviour

19
Q

What does this refer to? Gamblers believe it is hard to stop gambling because it will always be part of them?

A

Self efficacy

20
Q

What does this refer to? Gambling behaviour is reinforced due to their belief that they lack control over this part of their life.

A

Self-efficacy

21
Q

What is the practical application of the cognitive theory?

A

CBT

22
Q

What did Griffiths find was the difference between regular and occasional gamblers in their thought processes?

A

Believed they were more skilled at fruit machines
Used irrational statements such as near wins

23
Q

Which type of gambling did Griffiths study?

A

Fruit machines

24
Q

Griffith’s research has been criticised for the use of thinking aloud, Why is this?

A

What people may say in gambling situations may not reflect their real thoughts - could lead to misleading impression of gamblers thought processes

25
Q

What can be an alternative explanation for gambling addiction?

A

Learning theory

26
Q

How does learning theory explain gambling behaviour?

A

Positive reinforcement of the reward of a buzz when gambling and they repeat the behaviour to get the same reward

27
Q

What is the principle of the cognitive theory of gambling?

A

Cognitive biases and faulty thought processes can lead to gambling addiction

28
Q

How does CBT treat a person’s gambling addiction?

A

Identify and challenge the irrational thoughts linked to gambling e.g. biases

29
Q

Name one technique used in CBT that can be used with gamblers?

A

Disputing

30
Q

Who did Griffiths compare in his research?

A

Occasional and regular gamblers