Isosorbide Mononitrate (Nitrate - Antianginal Agent)

Question 1

Expected Pharmacological Action:

Answer 1

Converts to nitric oxide → relaxes vascular smooth muscle → reduces cardiac workload and improves oxygen supply to the heart.

Question 2

Therapeutic Use:

Answer 2

Prevention of angina attacks (not for acute relief)

Question 3

Complications:

Answer 3

Headache (most common due to vasodilation)
Hypotension
Dizziness
Reflex tachycardia
N/V/D
Vision Changes
Confusion

Question 4

Contraindications/Precautions:

Answer 4

Severe hypotension
Use with PDE-5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil) → life-threatening hypotension
Hypersensitive

Question 5

Interactions:

Answer 5

Sildenafil (Viagra) & other erectile dysfunction drugs → severe hypotension
Alcohol → increases hypotensive effects
Vasodilators

Question 6

Client Education:

Answer 6

Take medication on an empty stomach with water
Sit down before taking to avoid dizziness
Do not crush extended-release tablets
S/S of Angina
Orthostatic Hypotension

Question 7

Dosage:

Answer 7

angina prevention: 30–60 mg once daily (extended-release)