Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

Question 1

Expected Pharmacological Action:

Answer 1

Inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase pump → increases calcium in heart cells → stronger cardiac contractions & slower heart rate

Question 2

Therapeutic Use:

Answer 2

Heart failure
Atrial fibrillation

Question 3

Complications:

Answer 3

Digoxin toxicity (nausea, vomiting, halos around lights, confusion)
Bradycardia
Hypokalemia increases risk of toxicity
Vision Changes
N/V/D
Electrolyte Imbalnace

Question 4

Contraindications/Precautions:

Answer 4

Bradycardia or AV block
Hypokalemia (increases toxicity risk)
Renal impairment (reduces clearance)

Question 5

Interactions:

Answer 5

Diuretics (e.g., furosemide) → increased risk of hypokalemia & toxicity
Beta-blockers → increased risk of bradycardia
Calcium Channel Blockers

Question 6

Client Education:

Answer 6

Monitor pulse (hold if HR < 60 bpm)
Recognize signs of toxicity (vision changes, nausea, confusion)
Avoid taking with high-fiber foods (delays absorption)
How to take Apical Pulse
Keep in original bottle

Question 7

Dosage:

Answer 7

Heart failure: 0.125–0.25 mg daily