Islamic (400 BCE-800 CE)

Question 1

Treasury and Great Temple

Answer 1

International
Shows eclectic culture (took pieces from other cultures and combined them)
Greek elements (columns)
Egyptian elements (obelisks, enclosed courtyards)
Indian (elephant column capitals)
Roman (houses)
Carved into/out of rock
Gets more cramped as you advance
Amphitheater (seated 6,000)
Cisterns (water-catchers)
Tombs (“treasury”)
Broken pediment

Question 2

Treasury and Great Temple IDs

Answer 2

Petra, Jordan
400 BCE-100 CE
Cut rock

Question 3

Kaaba IDs

Answer 3

Saudi Arabia
631-632 CE
Pre-Islamic
Granite, silk, and thread

Question 4

Kaaba

Answer 4

Largest mosque in the world
Host of the hajj
Ambulatory
Where to face while praying
Book holds Islamic religious text

Question 5

Dome of the Rock IDs

Answer 5

Jerusalem, Palestine
Umayyad
691-692 CE
Stone, wood, ceramic, glass, aluminum, and bronze

Question 6

Dome of the Rock

Answer 6

Location of many important religious stories
Oldest surviving Quranic script
First use of Quranic script in architecture
Octagonal and domed (like San Vitale)
Decorated with Turkish tile
Shrine
Shows Islamic conquest of Jerusalem and the Islamic view of superseding other religions by pursuing their prospects
Left in ruins after the temple of Solomon was destroyed

Question 7

Masjid-e-Jameh

Answer 7

Traditional mosque elements (like Cordoba) but different design
Calming escape from life
Integrated into the city to emphasize it as a part of life
Shows grandeur of religion, but also functional
Fountain (for ritual cleansing)

Question 8

Masjid-e-Jameh IDs

Answer 8

Iran
700 CE
Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile

Question 9

Folio from a Qur’an

Answer 9

Shows importance of Islam and the power of the patron
Mnemonic device
Expensive materials (important and powerful)
Vowels are written (unusual for Arabic) because this is too important to be misread
Written version of a oral story
Influence from Europe (gold)

Question 10

Folio from a Qur’an IDs

Answer 10

Abbasid dynasty
8th to 9th century
Ink, color, and gold on parchment

Question 11

Baptistere de St. Louis

Answer 11

Ritual purposes, but also displays power
3 friezes (court scene, battle scene, and a hunting expedition)
Figural art (animals and patterns)
Used to wash hands at official ceremonies
Furusiya (good horsemen)
Patron/buyer was either wealthy or royal

Question 12

Baptistere de St. Louis IDs

Answer 12

Muhammed Ibn al-Zain
Mamluk
1320-1340 CE
Brass with gold and silver