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Islam and Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

what was the covenant between abraham and god

A

promise, “i will be your god and you shall be my people”, promised children, bring people to promised land

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2
Q

what is rabbinic judaism

A

-begun with pharisees
- found focus in sacred writings, encouraged people to gather
-study the torah (“teaching”)
- became way to interpret and live, interpreters known as scribed/rabbis

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3
Q

who is the messiah

A

anointed one, refers to christ

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4
Q

what was the diaspora

A

romans expelled jews from judea, were scattered, caused desire to return to the land

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5
Q

what two groups arose from diaspora

A
  • ashkenazim
    sephardim
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6
Q

what is the kabbalah

A

-main teaching
- describes what god is not
- essence of god, ‘ein sof’, means without end, no boundaries

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7
Q

what is hasidim

A

-main teaching
-communion with god happened through prayer, good deeds, humility, and joy

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8
Q

what was the enlightenment

A

-emphasized intellectual freedom, less emphasis on religion
- split ashkenazi into three different traditions: reform, conservative, orthodox

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9
Q

what is reform judaism

A
  • interpret scripture through modern methods, less concerned with old desires
  • mix of men na dwomen
  • children are jewish if one parent is
  • each person decides what beliefs and practices they follow
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10
Q

what is conservative judaism

A
  • follows many but not all commandments of torah
  • reform judaism is too loose with interpretation
  • active participation, men and women mixed
    -largest branch in canada
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11
Q

what is orthodox judaism

A

-observe and strictly follow all ancient rules and practices
- men and women separate
-if mother is jewish, children are

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12
Q

what is the shoah?

A
  • holocaust
  • killing of millions of jews due to rce
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13
Q

what is zionism

A

-movement to establish national jewish state in palestine
- seen as their homeland
-western countries began to support, arabs felt betrayed
-jewish invaded, displaced arabs

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14
Q

what is the shabbat

A
  • sabbath
    -day of rest, begins sunset on friday, ends sundown on saturday
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15
Q

what is the pesach

A
  • passover
  • first month of year on fifteenth day
  • celebrates escape of jewishs slaves from pharaoh
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16
Q

what is rosh hashannah

A
  • celebration of new year, september
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17
Q

what is brit milah/bris

A

circumcision of the birth of a son eight days after
also time when given a hebrew name

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18
Q

what is the kaddish

A

prayer of sanctification, after a family member dies
each morning and evening for 11 months

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19
Q

what is a synagogue and its purposes

A

house where torah is taught to jews, provide places of worship

20
Q

what is the Tanakh

A

presents core teachings of jewish faith in form of stories (equate to testament)

21
Q

what is the torah, what stores are found in it

A

important part of tanakh, first 5 books of scripture
- creation (1 and 2), abraham, moses, david

22
Q

what is the talmud

A

book of jewish civil and religious laws, interpretation of torah by jewish rabbis

23
Q

what is the halakhah

A

apart of the ‘oral torah’, contains prescribed ways to apply commandments, associate with holy things

24
Q

what things are considered impure

A
  • certain foods (e.g. pig meat)
  • shellfish
    -corpses
    -menstruating women
    -reptiles
25
Q

what is mitzvot

A

understanding of moral life through gods covenant, keep covenant, guidance, how to live

26
Q

what is sin

A

failure to follow mitzvot,

27
Q

covenant with noah (7)

A

(found in talmud)
1. do not commit idolatry
2. do not commit blasphemy
3. do not commit murder
4. do not commit sexual immorality
5. do not commit theft
6. do not remove and eat the limb of a living animal
7. establish judicial system to enforce laws

28
Q

what are the bar and bat mitzvah

A

bar mitzvah: initiation for boys, age 13
bat mitzvah: initiation for girls, age 12

29
Q

who are polytheists

A

those who believe in more than one god

30
Q

who is allah

A

arabic word for God,

31
Q

what is the kaaba

A

house of allah, centre of Earth, where God’s creation began, directly below throne, sent down by heaven and rebuilt by abraham

32
Q

where was muhammad born

A

born in Mecca, parents died at young age, grew up under Abu Talib, married Khadijah

33
Q

how did muhammad recieve qur’an

A

often meditated at Mount Hira, Gabriel visited him, muttered words of Allah to him, continued to recieve until he died, and these were recorded in the Qu’ran

34
Q

what was the hijra

A

muhammad offered place to stay in Medina, migration from Mecca of Islam people

35
Q

what was the hajj

A

truce between meccans and muhammad broke, accepted island, and muhamman returned to mecca, the return is called Hajj, muslims asked to make once in their lifetime

36
Q

what is shi’ite and sunni

A

split of Islam groups
shi’ite: leadership passed directly from descendants of prophet
sunni: leaders do not have to descend from propet, majority of people

37
Q

what are the 5 pillars of Islam

A

creed, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, pilgrimage

38
Q

what is creed

A

shahadah, there is no god but allah, muhammad is messenger of allah

39
Q

what is prayer

A

salat, required to say 5 times a day, includes verbal and gestural actions

40
Q

what is almsgiving

A

zakat, give to those in need

41
Q

wahat is fasting

A

sawm, occuring during Ramadan, abtstain from food, water, evil thoughts, drinking, smoking, sex, gather in eventings to break day’s fast

42
Q

what is pilgrimage

A

once in life, pilgrimage (hajj) to kaaba in Mecca

43
Q

birth (islam)

A

first sound hear is adhan, prayer, spoken into baby’s right ear, naming ceremony seven days after, hair is cut or shaved

44
Q

marriage (islam)

A

many are arranged, reading from qu’ran and exchange of vows

45
Q

death (islam)

A

last words are shahadah, burried facing mecca

46
Q

what are features of the mosque

A
  • pray 5 times a day
    -shoes are not allowed, wash before entering prayer
  • prayer’s hall is large open area
  • pray facing mecca
47
Q

what is the qu’ran

A

book where allah spoke to prophet, provides guidance, 114 suras (chapters),

flash (14 decks)

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