Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain the 5 pillars of Islam

A
  • Shahadah: Statement of faith
  • There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the messenger of God.
  • Salat: Prayer
  • Muslims pray 5 times a day and always facing Makah. This shows commitment!
  • Dawn, afternoon, late afteroon, after sunset, and nighttime.
  • Zakat: Giving to charity
  • Money is seen a something that should be used for good purposes. Muslims must give a percentage to charity (2.5%).
  • Sawm: Fasting
  • Muslims choose to not eat during daylight hours for the month of Ramadan. This shows sacrifice and commitment, and enables Muslims to feel closer to Allah.
  • Hajj: Pillgrimage
  • Must do once in your life if you are wealthy/healthy enough
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2
Q

The term Islam means:

A

The word “Islam” means “submission to the will of God.”

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3
Q

Who was Mohammad?

A
  • Muhammad was the founder of Islam and Muslims believe he received teachings from Allah.
  • He preached monotheism, justice, and compassion, uniting followers in Medina.
  • His teachings are found in the Quran and guide Muslims in faith and daily life.
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4
Q

Retell Mohammads life story.

A
  • Birth and Early Life: Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570 AD and grew up as an orphan, cared for by his family.
  • First Revelation: At the age of 40, while meditating in a cave, Muhammad received his first message from Allah through the angel Gabriel.
  • Preaching in Mecca: Muhammad began teaching people about one God and social justice, facing opposition from local leaders who worshipped idols.
  • Migration to Medina: Due to persecution, Muhammad and his followers moved to the city of Medina in 622 AD, which became a turning point in Islamic history known as the Hijra.
  • Leadership in Medina: In Medina, Muhammad became a respected leader and united the community under the principles of Islam.
  • Return to Mecca: Muhammad returned to Mecca in 630 AD with his followers, peacefully conquering the city and cleansing the Kaaba of idols.
  • Final Years: Muhammad continued spreading his teachings until his passing in 632 AD, leaving behind a strong Muslim community guided by the Quran and his example.
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5
Q

Explain how and why Islam shares common origins with Christianity and Judaism. Make sure you include important people (prophets), places and beliefs.

A
  • Prophets: They all honor Abraham (Ibrahim), Moses (Musa), and other prophets as messengers of God.
  • Places: Jerusalem is sacred to all three religions, each with its own significance. It’s where important events in their histories took place.
  • Beliefs: They all believe in one God (Allah, Yahweh, or God) and emphasize moral values like kindness and justice.
  • Scriptures: While they have different holy books (Quran, Bible), they share stories and teachings about God’s guidance.
  • Jesus: Muslims respect Jesus (Isa) as a prophet, but do not see him as divine or crucified for sins like Christians do.
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6
Q

Caliph

A

A leader in Islam who succeeds Prophet Muhammad, guiding the community both politically and religiously.

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7
Q

chador/hijab

A

Clothing worn by Muslim women for modesty; chador refers to a full-body cloak, while hijab generally includes a headscarf.

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8
Q

Hejira

A

The migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD, marking the start of the Islamic calendar

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9
Q

Mecca

A

The holiest city in Islam, where the Kaaba is located, a place of pilgrimage

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10
Q

Kaaba

A

A cube-shaped building in Mecca, believed to be built by Prophet Abraham and his son Ishmael, central to Islamic worship

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11
Q

Ishmael

A

Son of Prophet Abraham, considered a prophet in Islam, associated with the building of the Kaaba

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12
Q

Hajj

A

The annual pilgrimage to Mecca, a religious duty for Muslims who are physically and financially able

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13
Q

Quran

A

The holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

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14
Q

Ramadan

A

The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, during which Muslims fast from dawn to sunset

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15
Q

Zakat

A

Obligatory charity or almsgiving in Islam, intended to help those in need

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16
Q

Shahada

A

The Islamic declaration of faith, affirming belief in one God (Allah) and Muhammad as his messenger

17
Q

Imam

A

In Sunni Islam, an Imam leads prayers in a mosque; in Shia Islam, an Imam is a spiritual leader with authority

18
Q

Sawm

A

Fasting during Ramadan, one of the Five Pillars of Islam

19
Q

Medina

A

A city in Saudi Arabia where Prophet Muhammad migrated to from Mecca, establishing a Muslim community

20
Q

Jihad

A

Often misunderstood as holy war, Jihad means striving or exerting effort in the way of Allah, including personal spiritual struggle

21
Q

Salat

A

The ritual prayers performed five times a day facing the Kaaba in Mecca

22
Q

Dome of the Rock

A

shrine in Jerusalem significant in Islam, believed to mark the spot where Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven

23
Q

Hagar

A

Mother of Ishmael and a respected figure in Islamic tradition for her faith

24
Q

Sunni

A

The largest branch of Islam, following the traditions of Prophet Muhammad and the consensus of the community

25
Q

Shiite

A

A branch of Islam believing in leadership by Imams who are descendants of Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah and son-in-law Ali

26
Q

Sufi

A

mystical branch of Islam focusing on spiritual experiences and closeness to God.

27
Q

Masjid (Mosque)

A

A place of worship for Muslims

28
Q

Halal

A

Permissible according to Islamic law, especially regarding food and behavior

29
Q

wudu

A

Ritual washing before prayer, involving washing the hands, face, arms, and feet