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RE GCSE > Islam > Flashcards

Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

Whats Tawhid?

A

Oneness of God
1. Oneness of Lordship
2. One worthy of worship
3. Oneness of attributes

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1
Q

Whats shirk?

A

Associating/worshipping others with God

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2
Q

What is the Quran?

A

Words of Allah

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3
Q

What is a Hadith?

A

Sayings based on validity

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4
Q

What is a Sira?

A

Biography

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5
Q

What are the 3 battles?

A
  1. Battle of Badr
  2. Battle of Uhud
  3. Battle of the Trench
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6
Q

When and what was the Battle of Badr?

A
  • 624
  • 300 Muslims vs 1000 Meccans/ Quraysh
  • Despite being outnumbered, Muslims won - miracle
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7
Q

When and what was the Battle of Uhud?

A
  • 625
  • Quraysh didnt give up - sent an army of 3000
  • Muslim army loses due to being distracted by loot
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8
Q

When and what was the Battle of the Trench?

A

627 - Muslims build a trench when Quraysh (1000) tries to go through mountains to Yathrib

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9
Q

What is Surah 112?

A
  • “He is God, the One
  • God, the absolute
  • He begets not,, nor was He begotten
  • there is nothing comparable to him
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10
Q

What is the nature of Allah?

A
  • Merciful - Ar Rahman (99 Names)
  • One - Tawhid - “He is God, the one” Quran
  • Immanent (closeness) - “We are closer than your jugular vein”
  • Transcendence (beyond universe, time, space) - “Nothing is comparable to Him”
  • Beneficient
  • Creator/Omnipotent - “Allah created the heavens and the Earth”
  • Just and Fair - the judge who is fair
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11
Q

When did the Prophet die?

A

632 AD

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12
Q

6 Articles of faith in Sunni Islam

A
  1. God
  2. Prophets
  3. Angels
  4. Holy Books
  5. Afterlife
  6. Predestination
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13
Q

Who are the Caliphs in Sunni Islam?

A
  1. Abu Bakr
  2. Umar 634 - 644
  3. Uthman 12 yrs
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14
Q

What is an imamate?

A

Divinely appointed leaders chosen by God for Islamic community

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15
Q

Who is Ali (AS)?

A

Prophet’s daughters (Fatima) husband/ Prophets cousin

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16
Q

What are the 5 roots of Usul ad-din?

A
  • God
  • Prophets
  • Resurrection
  • Justice of God (Adalat)
  • Imamate
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17
Q

Prophet

A

Person who proclaims the message of God

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18
Q

Risalah/Prophethood

A

Belief that prophets are an important channel of communication between God and human

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19
Q

Iblis (Satan)

A

Spiritual being created from fire, who was thrown to paradise for refusing to bow to Adam

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20
Q

Key Events of Adam

A
  • 1st man on Earth + Prophet
  • Hawwa and Adam had Cain and Abel in Garden of Bliss
  • 1st to plant seeds, harvest crops, cook food
  • God revealed to him food Muslims can eat, how to repent, how to bury the dead
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21
Q

Story of Adam

A
  1. Allah told angels to bow down to Adam out of respect, Iblis refused
  2. Iblis thrown out of paradise and vowed to mislead humans away from Allah
  3. Allah told Hawwa and Adam not to approach the tree
  4. Iblis deceived them and they ate from the tree
  5. Actions brought sin into the world, all humans will be judged on DOJ
  6. Adam repented, Iblis didnt
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22
Q

Story of Ibrahim

A
  1. Father Azar was a sculptor and made idols
  2. Ibrahim threw them into water
  3. Searched for the truth, Allah made him a prophet
  4. Preached by ppl ridiculed him
  5. He destroyed the idols and asked the ppl to get answers from idols
  6. Fire built for him, Allah commanded fire to cool down
  7. Ibrahim married Sarah (barren - cant have babies), then Hajar
  8. Hajar had Ismail who was to be sacrificed according to Ibrahims dream
  9. Ram was sacrificed instead
  10. Allah gave Sarah Ishaq
    10.Hajar and Sarah were jealous so H and I left
  11. H and I were thirsty and Allah gave them a well, H called it Zamzam
  12. Ibrahim built Kaaba with Ismail to thank Allah
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23
Q

Story of Muhammad pbuh

A
  1. Born in Mecca, orphaned and brought up by Abu Talib
  2. Became a merchant and married a wealthy widow Khadijah at 25
  3. Went to Mount Hira for mediation an dprayer
  4. Jibril appeared with a msg from Allah, 1st revelation for 20 yrs (Night of Power)
  5. Jibril took him to Jerusalem (Night Journey) on a horse with wings (al Buraq), ascended into heaven, sopke to prophets, told ppl to pray 5
  6. Challenged ppl from Mecca to stop cheating, alcohol, gambling, idol worship
  7. Fled to Medinah (Hijrah) beginning of the Ummah
  8. Gathered army of 10,000 Muslims convnerts marched to Mecca and conquered city
  9. Won many battles and returned to Medinah, ill and died
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24
Q

Caliph

A

person considered to be a political and religious succesor of the prophet and leader of Sunni Muslim Community

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25
Q

Imam sunni def

A

leader of prayer

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26
Q

Imam shia def

A

title given to Ali and 11 successors

27
Q

Ahlulbayt

A

ppl of the house - prophet, fatima (Daughter), 12 imams

28
Q

Other holy books in Islam

A
  • Scroll of Ibrahim - Suhuf
  • Torah - Tawrat
  • Pslams - Zabur
  • Gospels - Injil
29
Q

Scrolls of Ibrahim

A
  • earliest scripture
  • now lost
30
Q

Torah

A
  • revealed to moses on mount sinai
  • some is word of Allah, some human addition
  • “guidance and light” Quran
31
Q

Gospels

A
  • Revealed to Jesus
  • good news of Jesus
  • not the biblical Gospels
  • Islamic view of Jesus
  • Virigin birth, miracles, no claims of divinity (Jesus not GOd), no cruxification, atonement ( Jesus died for our sins, Allah is all compassionate), no resurrection
32
Q

Psalms

A
  • Revealed to David
  • “We gave Dawud the Zabur”
  • Collection of prayers + poems
  • key info on Masih (messiah)
33
Q

Beliefs about Quran

A
  • Direct word of God
  • intends to correct earlier revelations
  • Miracle, prophet was illiterate
34
Q

Compilation of the Quran

A
  • 114 chapters/surahs
  • not in chronological order, lengths
  • Prophet learnt Quran by heart and encouraged others
35
Q

Contents of Quran

A
  • All chapters but 1 start with “In the name of Allah, the most merciful, the most compassionate”
  • Spiritual guidance
  • Basis of worship, legal, social, moral, political systems
36
Q

Ways which Muslim show importance of the Quran

A
  • Perform ablution before touching
  • Nothing on top of it
  • Not on the floor
37
Q

Malaikah

A

Angels

38
Q

Characteristics of angels

A
  • No free will, act on Gods command
  • Beings of light
  • Pure and sinless
39
Q

Names of angels

A
  • Mikail
  • Jibril
  • Munkir and Nakir
  • Kiraman and Katibeen
  • Malik
  • Israfil
40
Q

Mikail

A
  • “angel of mercy”
  • “giver of rain and sustenance”
  • 1st to bow to Adam
  • Assists humanity - helped during BOB
41
Q

Jibril

A
  • “spirit of holiness”
  • “messenger”
  • 1st thing given life by God
  • delivers msg to humanity - mary about jesus
  • assists humanity , cool fire, revealed zamzam
42
Q

Nakir and Munkir

A

Questions you in your grave

43
Q

Malik

A

Gaurdian of hell

44
Q

Israfil

A

Day of J trumpet

45
Q

Kiraman and Katibeen

A

Recording deeds

46
Q

Quote about angels

A
  • “As the 2 recording angels - 1 stting to the right and the other to the left - note everything” Surah 50:17
  • “Each person has angels before him and behind, watching over him by Allah’s command”
  • “They do not precede Him in speech and (only) according to His commandments do they act”
47
Q

Al Qadr

A

Predestination - God knows and determines everything that will happen in the universe beforehand

48
Q

Quote about Al Qadr

A
  • “Only God has decreed what will happen to us” Quran (9:51)
  • “Misfortunes can only happen with Gods permission”
  • “You will be questioned about your deeds”
  • “God does not change the condition of a people unless they change what is in themselves”
49
Q

Signs of the end of the world

A
  • Appearance of Mahdi (Shia think hes alr here)
  • Return of Isa
  • False messiah deceive people
  • Increase earthquakes
  • Killing
  • Rejection of Islam
  • Dishonesty
  • Drunkenness
  • Obscenity
  • Nakedness
  • Forcination
  • Corrupt society
50
Q

Barzakh

A
  • Angel of death Azrail take their souls to await the day
  • Munkar and Nakir question soul when funeral and burial is over
    1. Who is your Lord
    2. What is your religion
    3. What if your faith about Muhammad pbuh
  • Sould enters barzakh (waiting) until D of J
51
Q

Judgment day

A
  • Israfil blows trumpet sky is torn, dead rise from grave (Day of Resurrection)
  • If book of deeds is given in right hand = heaven, left = hell
  • God weighs your deeds: actions + niyah (intention)
  • Good intention, unable to do = good
  • Good int., able to do = 10 good deeds
  • Bad int., didnt do = good deed
  • Bad int, did do = bad deed
52
Q

Jannah

A
  • After judgment, people pass over Bridge of As Sirat
  • Must have asked for ALLAHS forgiveness
  • No illness/worries
  • families reunited
  • reward for good faith and deeds
  • angels welcome

7 levels

53
Q

Jahannum

A
  • “the fire” Quran Al-Nar
  • fire, boiling water, torment
  • 7 levels
54
Q

Quotes about Paradise

A
  • “My Garden”
  • “rivers flow”
  • “a reward for what they used to do” (Quran)
55
Q

Quotes about Hell

A
  • “Taste the suffering of the fire”
56
Q

Why is Muhammad pbuh important for Muslims?

A
  • Served Allah
  • Determined and patient
  • Brave
  • Humble, modest, sense of duty and community
  • Good leader
  • Excellent political/religious leader
  • Allowed religious freedom, rights for women, elderly, sick
  • Good husband and father
  • Saw fam is the basic unit for society
  • Looked for ways to enable all to learn
57
Q

Quotes about Allah’s attributes

A
  • “We are closer to you than your jugular vein.”
  • “He is with you wherever you are.”
  • “Allah is the Creator of everything and He has authority over everything.”
  • “In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent.”
  • My mercy prevails over My wrath” (hadith)
  • “Allah loves those who are fair and just”
  • “On the day of Judgement rights will be given to those whom they are due and wrongs will be redressed”
58
Q

How does Tawhid influence a Muslim

A

If Allah has power then Muslims will live according to his will

59
Q

How do Angels infleunce a Muslim

A

If your actions are recorded you will live a good life in order to enter heaven

60
Q

How do holy books influence a Muslim

A

Muslims listen to the messages and follow the examples of the prophets

61
Q

How does the Day of J influence

A

The whole of this life is a test for the next life and for judgement

62
Q

How does Al Qadr influence

A

Allah knows the choices that humans will make

63
Q

Quote about Prophet

A

“Seal of the Prophets”

64
Q
A

RE GCSE (6 decks)

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