Islam Flashcards
Sunni core beliefs
Six articles of faith
6 articles of faith
Tawhid, malaikah, kutub, nubuwwah, akhirah, Al quadr
Tawhid
- absolute faith in the oneness of god
- believe people should live by following his rules
- ‘there is none like him’
Malaikah
- Allah’s greatness means he can’t directly communicate with humans
- message passed through angels
- first creation = obey him
- recording angels encourage Muslims to do good if they want a place is paradise
Kutub
- respected
- qur’an = direct + unchanged word of Allah - revealed through prophet Muhammad
- give guidance = how to live life on the right path
- ‘recite in the name of your lord who created’
Nubuwwah
- respected not worshipped
- communicated with prophets through angels
- teach how to live how Allah wished + how to obey his laws
- ‘you have in the prophet of allah an excellent model’
Akhira
- belief in day of judgement
- this life is a test
- if you pass heaven -Al’Jannah
- if you fail hell - Jahannam
- encouraging them to do good
- ‘never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allah as dead. Rather, they are alive with their lord’
Al qadr
- belief in predestination
- believe Allah knows + decides everything
- everything follows a divine plan showing Allah’s will
- even though Allah determines everything - free will = we are responsible + held accountable for our actions
- ‘in all things the master planning is god’
Shi’a core beliefs
Usul ad-din
Usul ad-din
Al Tawhid Al adl Al imamah Al nubuwwah Al ma’ad
Al adl
-belief in divine justice
-god will judge everyone on the day of judgement
-Allah is always right and just = may act in ways beyond our understanding
-face judgement in afterlife - follow right path to pass any test god gives
‘Every soul will be paid in full of its deeds’
-al ma’ad (belief on day of resurrection
Al imamah
- protect the religion
- good Muslims down the right path
- ‘we made them leaders who guide by our command’
Sunni imam views
- leader of prayer in mosque
- just human and can make mistakes in their interpretations
- not considered to be perfect
Shi’a imam views
- Direct successors of Muhammad + chosen by Allah
- 12 were direct descendants of Muhammad - first being Ali
- infaillible + inspired by Allah
- authority to interpret Islamic law + what qur’an says
Shi’a successor view
Alu was the first imam + successor of muhammad
Sunni successor view
-followed Abu bakr as his successor + elected others after that
Sunni Quran views
Eternal like Allah - always been in existence though not in written form
Shi’a Quran views
Not eternal - created by Allah - can be added to + interpreted by humans
Tawrat
Torah - god’s revelations to Moses
Zabur
Psalms - gods revelations to David
Injil
Gospels - gods revelations to isa
Sahifah
Scrolls - god’s revelations to ibrahim
Kutub points
Original belief system = same for all
Distorted overtime - lost true word of god
Final revelation through Quran = record of Allah’s words exactly + not changed
Sunna
What Muhammad did
Hadith
What Muhammad said
How can the Hadith and Sunna be used
To help Muslims lead a life like Muhammad
Hadith and sunna views
- some believe only Quran should be followed - this shouldn’t be used bc it’s not exact words of Allah
- Shi’a Muslims refer to hadith of Ali to help their decision making
- Muslims might also refer to the opinion of Muslim lawyers and scholars
Qur’an quote
‘We have revealed to you this book with the truth, as a confirmation of previous scriptures and a supreme authority on them’
Jibril
- chief angel
- brought messages to Muhammad and all other prophets
- human form when telling Mary she’s pregnant
- bringer of good news
- vital role in communicating final version of Islam to humanity
- knows beauty of paradise + how hard it is to get there + seen hell
Izra’il
- angel of death
- ends people’s lives by taking their final breath
Israfil
Angel of last judgement
Blows trumpet to announce day of judgement
Mika’il
- guardian of heaven
- friend of humanity + rewards righteous
- asks Allah to forgive people’s sins = angel of mercy
- mika’il + jibril will be present on the day of judgement
Angels
Allah’s first creation
Created with nur (divine light)
Important, free of sin, without free will
Primary source of communication between Allah + humanity
Recording angels
Record all humans do + say for the day of judgements
Musl8ms try to live good lives because they record all deeds in the book of life. Muslims try to please Allah by being the best person they can be in thought, word and deed and be honest, truthful and kind.
Day of judgement
Welcome obedient to Allah to heaven + disobedient thrown to hell
Angel quotes
‘Praise to Allah… who made the angel messengers’
‘They exhale him night +day + do not slacken’
Five pillars
Obligations Muslims must satisfy to live a good + responsible life + bring them closer to god
5 pillars listed
Zakat, shahadah, sawm, salat, hajj
Zakat
- give 2.5% of income once a year
Bond between rich + poor
Purify wealth
Shahadah
Reciting declaration of faith
Said in ear of baby when they’re born
Try saying it before they die
Sawm
Fasting during Ramadan
For Muslims who have reached maturity + good health
Helps Muslims connect with Allah
Connect + understand those who are less fortunate