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Z/ HIGHER Computing Science > ISDD Notes lol N5 > Flashcards

ISDD Notes lol N5 Flashcards

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1
Q

descending

A

largest-smallest/last-first; Z-A; 9-0

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2
Q

example of a web browser

A

internet explorer, Mozilla Firefox and google chrome

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3
Q

example of a compound primary key

A

Firstname Lastname

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4
Q

ways a virus can affect your computer (3)

A

deleting and altering files displaying unwanted messages and websites using up storage in your computer system

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5
Q

what do GUIs use? (4)

A

Windows Icons Menus Pointers

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6
Q

example of a search engine

A

google, yahoo!, Bing and ask.

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7
Q

Define: standalone

A

a computer that is not connected to any other computer system

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8
Q

Define: Online fraud/ identity theft

A

the act of deceiving someone to take advantage of them. catfishing as the person to buy goods

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9
Q

Define: solid state storage

A

devices that have no moving parts that are more robust

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10
Q

Define: linear navigation

A

screens are shown in a sequence, one after the other like a PowerPoint

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11
Q

name 4 validation checks

A

presence, restricted choice, length and range

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12
Q

Define: hierarchical navigation

A

there is a main page and all the topics are grouped

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13
Q

larger files take

A

longer time to download and display

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14
Q

example of restricted choice

A

U, PG, 12, 12A, 15, 18 only

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15
Q

pro and con of wireless

A

pro- no trailing wires con- less secure and more subject to interference

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16
Q

which storage device has the slowest read/write speed?

A

CD 7.2MB/s

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17
Q

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] .bmp

A

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] images, no, lossless, very large

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18
Q

Define: database

A

a structured set of data held in tables

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19
Q

2 5 8 19 34 is in what order

A

asc

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20
Q

examples of magnetic storage (2)

A

magnetic tape hard disc drive

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21
Q

what 2 things are illegal because of the computer misuse act

A

Unauthorised access like hacking. Unauthorised modification, changing data without permission or infecting a computer with a virus deliberately.

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22
Q

Define: client side scripting

A

processing is done on the user’s computer adding interactivity

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23
Q

Define: compound primary key

A

a primary key that may have 2 or more parts

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24
Q

databaSeS are good at?

A

Searching - for a particular record (maybe using AND, OR, NOT operators) Sorting - on a field (ascending or descending)

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25
Q

Define: virus

A

programs that have been written to copy their code into other programs, meaning they ‘spread’ by themselves

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26
Q

ROM stands for

A

read only memory

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27
Q

Define: data controller

A

the person or organisation that stores the data

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28
Q

what does the OS do (5)

A

provides the HCI to the user provides security keeps track of memory and filing reports errors controls input and output devices

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29
Q

.jpeg meaning

A

joint photographic experts group

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30
Q

Define: relational database

A

a database that has more than one table that are linked

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31
Q

the copyright - designs and patents act makes it illegal to (3)

A

make/run unauthorised copies of software use software without a licence when it requires one plagiarise peoples work

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32
Q

the communications act makes it illegal to: (2)

A

use other neighbour’s/company’s internet access without permission send offensive electronic messages

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33
Q

.png meaning

A

portable network graphic

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34
Q

Define: PDF

A

allows documents to be shared across different computer systems

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35
Q

ascending

A

smallest-largest/first-last; A-Z; 0-9

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36
Q

Define: search engine

A

websites that have indexed billions of pages to make it easier to find a specific website in an instant

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37
Q

Define: phishing

A

an attempt by someone to get you to enter personal information such as usernames, passwords, emails and bank account details

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38
Q

to reduce file size (audio/video)

A

lower number of samples/frames but quality will decrease too

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39
Q

Define: hacking

A

a person who gains unauthorised entry to computer systems

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40
Q

Example of ISDD: time field

A

03:45

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41
Q

pro and con of wired

A

pro- fast connection speeds con- wires must be installed

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42
Q

Define: Website

A

a collection of pages with hyperlinks connecting them

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43
Q

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] .gif

A

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] cartoons, logos, buttons; yes; lossless; small

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44
Q

exceptions to rights of data

A

police and other agencies can refuse access to data if there is a threat to national security

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45
Q

name the 3 types of connections:

A

wired optical wireless

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46
Q

What does it do: presence check

A

check data exists in a field - fields may not be left blank

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47
Q

What are the 3 kinds of storage device types?

A

built in external portable

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48
Q

built in -

A

internal hard drives

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49
Q

Define: information system

A

a computerised system which allows users to input and store data, then allows the data to be processed into useful information.

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50
Q

pros of relational(2)

A

no duplication or inconsistency

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51
Q

Expert User

A

Can type quickly and are familiar with keyboard commands and shortcuts.

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52
Q

HCI

A

Human Computer Interface

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53
Q

upload/download speed of cloud and local

A

cloud depends on internet connection and file sizes local should be instantaneous but may take longer from backing storage

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54
Q

utility programs or security suites features: (3/4/5)

A

anti-virus software backup storage disk defragmentation software updates data deletion encryption/decryption system clean-up security formatting

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55
Q

a field is a row or column?

A

column

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56
Q

z u t s q k is in what order

A

desc

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57
Q

Define: foreign key

A

a field, usually a primary key in another table used to form a link

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58
Q

price of using cloud and local

A

cloud can be expensive to store data on local has no cost

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59
Q

example of range check

A

drivers must be >25 and <70 to hire a car

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60
Q

Define: network

A

two or more computer systems connected to allow them to communicate and share information

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61
Q

Novice User

A

requires a HCI which allow less confident users to use the system. Usually uses a GUI.

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62
Q

what does R data mean?

A

data can be written once and only once

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63
Q

Define: record

A

a record contains all the data held for a particular subject (e.g. person).

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64
Q

graphic formats (4)

A

jpeg, bmp, gif, png

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65
Q

Define: external link

A

will link you to another website

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66
Q

audio formats (2)

A

wav, mp3

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67
Q

what does html do

A

processes and present text and graphics on a web page

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68
Q

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] .jpeg

A

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] images, yes, lossy, large

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69
Q

Pros of information systems (3)

A

saves using paper - saves money and space quicker and easier to search and sort data than going through paper sheets. reports are easy and quick to prepare and can be easily tailored to the users needs

70
Q

www

A

world wide web

71
Q

Define: surrogate primary key

A

a key that has been made up for each record

72
Q

example of presence check

A

primary key

73
Q

portable -

A

flash drives and CDs

74
Q

which storage device stores the most?

A

solid state hard disc 512 GB / (magnetic hard disc 4TB)

75
Q

storage devices each have different (4)

A

Capacity Accessibility Portability Speed of access

76
Q

pro and con of optical

A

pro- high speed connection con- expensive

77
Q

Health and Safety at Work Act means employers must: (6)

A

provide regular eye tests for staff who work on systems provide suitable lighting provide adjustable seating with posture support provide equipment like adjustable screens and ergonomic devices to reduce the chance of repetitive strain injury provide regular breaks tidy wires away to prevent injury

78
Q

examples of optical storage (3)

A

CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray

79
Q

Define: optical storage

A

makes use of a laser to shine and reflect light to read data stored

80
Q

how do you test the user interface design? (web, 4)

A

if it matches specifications check for spelling errors scroll, audio/video, buttons work consistency

81
Q

html means

A

hyper text mark-up language

82
Q

Define: data subject

A

the person who the data is stored about

83
Q

Define: field

A

an item of data for a record (e.g. name, address).

84
Q

.pdf meaning

A

portable document format

85
Q

Define: cloud storage + its accessibility

A

storage that can be uploaded to a web server. can be accessed as long as you have internet. PORTABLE

86
Q

What does it do: restricted choice

A

choose from a list

87
Q

to reduce carbon footprint (3)

A

use energy saving equipment put documents online rather than printing and email instead of letters recycling old unwanted computers

88
Q

Define: lossless compression

A

no data is lost and original can be restored

89
Q

each page on a website has its own

A

URL

90
Q

security risk! data can be: (5)

A

corrupted, lost, deleted, hacked, damaged

91
Q

name 5 tags from html

A

there are more

92
Q

Define: server side scripting

A

processing is done on the web server and sends page to user

93
Q

Define: web browser

A

a software application used to navigate the www letting you retrieve and view information

94
Q

Define: DOS attacks

A

Denial of Service attacks are where the attacker creates a program to flood the server with many requests for data from websites. this means genuine visitors cannot access it and as a consequence, companies can lose a lot of money.

95
Q

a d g j p t y is in what order

A

asc

96
Q

the more processors on the chip (core) the -

A

more powerful the computer and the more tasks it can complete at once

97
Q

Define: file

A

a collection of related records

98
Q

external -

A

large capacity network drives

99
Q

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] .png

A

[use, compressibility, lossy/lossless & size] web images, yes, lossless, medium

100
Q

link field can link to? (3)

A

to another file, email or web address

101
Q

name 2/3 output devices

A

monitor speaker printer projector plotter

102
Q

.RTF

A

rich text format - supports some formatting such as bold and underline; can also include images

103
Q

Define: trojan

A

pretends to be a useful program but is secretly performing another function like monitoring your activity

104
Q

Define: hyperlinks

A

allow you to link to other pages

105
Q

Example of ISDD: calculated field

A

total = cost1 + cost2

106
Q

Define: spyware

A

programs that secretly record what you do on your computer. usually used to get passwords and bank details

107
Q

resolution =

A

spacing of pixels, measured in dpi

108
Q

name 3/4 input devices

A

keyboard mouse track pad graphics tablet webcam microphone scanner

109
Q

frequency of backups cloud and local

A

cloud will regularly back up meaning you dont have to save it yourself local means you are responsible for backup copies required

110
Q

Define: P2P

A

a peer to peer network is where all the connected computers are of equal status and connect with all the other computers in a ring

111
Q

Define: Update error

A

if there is more than one record with the same address and it needs updated - therefore all records (with the same address) need updated

112
Q

example of a surrogate primary key

A

SQA number

113
Q

Define: Deletion error

A

deleting a record may remove more data than expected

114
Q

Example of ISDD: date field

A

6/03/2018

115
Q

energy use measures to use less energy for companies: (3)

A

computer systems should be turned off when not in use low energy ‘green machines’ should be used when possible power saving modes should be used to cut down on electricity

116
Q

disposal measures of IT equipment (3)

A

old electronic equipment should be disposed of properly companies need to erase sensitive information on equipment before disposal companies who make or sell equipment must provide ways for their customers to dispose of the equipment

117
Q

Example of ISDD: boolean field

A

true/false yes/no

118
Q

a firewall controls -

A

incoming and outgoing traffic and checks if it should be allowed through or not.

119
Q

name 2 devices that are both input and output

A

touchscreen interactive white board games controller haptic glove

120
Q

how do you test linking and navigation? (web, 3)

A

making sure there aren’t broken links transitions are smooth hyperlinks work correctly

121
Q

sharing resources in p2p and client server

A

client: all clients access the same p2p: each workstation has its own resources

122
Q

What does it do: length check

A

checks how many characters are needed or are allowed in a field

123
Q

data users must (5)

A

have the subjects agree to the data used it must be for the stated purpose Secure the data from being hacked Accurate - check it is and up to date Delete the data when it is no longer needed

124
Q

Define: LAN

A

Local Area Network where the network exists in a single building or organisation

125
Q

video formats (2)

A

mp4, avi

126
Q

as # of samples/frames increase

A

quality increases; file size increases

127
Q

name all 6 storage devices

A

magnetic hard disc USB DVD CD solid state hard disc memory card

128
Q

RW stands for

A

rewritable

129
Q

GUIs

A

graphical user interfaces

130
Q

name 5 ISDD field types

A

any 5 from: text number(real or integer) date/time graphic object (OLE) calculated link boolean

131
Q

Example of ISDD: number field

A

INTEGER(WHOLE): 1,67,4324 REAL(DECIMAL): 1.23, 658.232

132
Q

cons of flat file(2)

A

when data is changed it may become inconsistent and duplicated in some cases.

133
Q

doubling resolution

A

makes the file size quadruple

134
Q

.bmp meaning

A

bitmap

135
Q

Define: GUIs

A

make it easier for users to see software and access information

136
Q

Define: lossy compression

A

data is lost and cannot be restored

137
Q

the data subject has the right to (3)

A

see the data held on them have it correct if incorrect be awarded compensation if they have suffered as a result of wrong data

138
Q

a relational database uses what to link tables

A

foreign keys

139
Q

Define: local storage + its accessibility

A

storage that is used on the computer system you are using. the files are stored on the hard drive of that computer system and can only be accessed on it. MAY BE PORTABLE DEPENDING ON STORAGE DEVICE

140
Q

Define: internal link

A

will link you to a page on the same website

141
Q

good ISDD design avoids (3)

A

modification errors (insertion errors, update errors deletion errors)

142
Q

What does it do: range check

A

checks data is within limits

143
Q

what do scripting languages do (when implemented)

A

they tailor the system to the specific need of users and add functionality

144
Q

which storage device has the fastest read/write speed?

A

magnetic hard disc 140MB/s

145
Q

Define: Insertion error

A

when there is more than one copy of a record due to error

146
Q

a good user interface considers these: (6)

A

Selection Consistency Readability Interactivity Navigation Visual layout

147
Q

Define: flat file database

A

a database with a single table

148
Q

networks allow us to (3)

A

communicate share hardware and software

149
Q

why do we compress files?

A

less backing storage is needed it is faster to download from the internet

150
Q

file size can be reduced by (3)

A

decreasing resolution (dpi) decreasing colour depth using compression

151
Q

what is stored in ROM

A

programs like the operating system

152
Q

Pro of biometrics (2)

A

avoids having to remember passwords hard to forge

153
Q

examples of solid state storage (3)

A

USBs, memory cards, solid state hard drives

154
Q

Example of ISDD: text field

A

text, symbols, numbers (anything you can type)

155
Q

Define: URL

A

the uniform resource locator is the location of the page

156
Q

Define: magnetic storage

A

uses magnetisable coating with dots on the surface is readable by small electromagnets.

157
Q

Define: worms

A

copy themselves over and over again using all the storage space available

158
Q

900 87 76 25 23 12 is in what order

A

desc

159
Q

Define: client server

A

the server provides data and files for all the computers

160
Q

Define: data users

A

the people who use the data

161
Q

R stands for

A

recordable

162
Q

sound/video is stored as

A

a number of samples/frames played one after the other

163
Q

a record is a row or column?

A

row

164
Q

.gif meaning

A

graphic interchange format

165
Q

security in p2p and client server

A

client: usernames and passwords required to login p2p: difficult to manage and individual usernames and passwords for each system.

166
Q

Define: SSL protocol

A

Secure sockets layer protocol is a method of creating encrypted connections for sending personal data.

167
Q

the data controller must (3)

A

register with the data protection commissioner apply for permission to store the data state what they want to keep, the purpose of it and who is accessing it.

168
Q

.txt

A

unformatted text - transferable and many devices recognise it

169
Q

Define: keylogging

A

all the keys you press are recorded and sent back to the programmer

170
Q

which storage device stores the least?

A

CD 700MB / (magnetic hard disc 500 MB)

171
Q

Define: primary key

A

identifies one unique record

Z/ HIGHER Computing Science (27 decks)

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