Isabella and Ferdinand: Foreign Policy Flashcards
I) Where on the Northern Front was Ferdinand eager to take control?
II) Why?
I) Navarre, Roussillon and Cerdagne
II) The Spanish had adopted an anti-France policy, and these locations were their borders
Where did The Crown employ permanent diplomatic agents?
The Papal, Venetian, Imperial and English courts
Why was Castile historically allies with France?
England’s presence in Gascony. This united Spain and France in the 100 years war
I) Who did I+F’s daughter, Isabella, marry?
II) What did this achieve?
I) Alfonso of Portugal
II) Alliance with Portugal
Who did I+F’s Son, John, marry?
Margaret of Austria, daughter of Maxamillion 1 (The Holy Roman Emperor)
I) Who did their youngest daughter, Catherine, marry?
II) Who did this lead to her marrying later on?
III) What did her later marriages prove?
I) Henry VII’s eldest son, Arthur
II) Henry VII, and then Henry VIII
III) How important the marriage alliances were to both countries
I) What did the Treaty of Barcelona decree?
II) What year was it signed?
I) Roussillon and Cerdagne came under Spanish rule
II) 1493
What was Charles VII of France willing to concede this land?
He was preparing for war with Italy
How did Ferdinand manage to secure Navarre?
He exploited the succession disputes between his second wife, Germaine de Foix, and the French Albret Family
What was the most intelligent thing Ferdinand did in regards to Navarre once he had it under his control?
Allowed it to keep its customs and Cortes
I) Where did Phillip expand to after he took Grenada?
II) Who helped him do this?
III) what territory did he take?
IIII) what did he deny his helper?
I) The North African Coast
II) Cardinal Cisneros
III) Oran, Tripoli and Algiers
IIII) Further expansion inland
I) How did Ferdinand justify an assault on Naples?
II) What did he organise to do it?
I) He claime dit was in defence of his brother-in-law. King Ferrantel of Naples and the Papacy (Naples was traditionally a papal fief)
II) He created a Holy League against French Naples
When was Ferdinand able to Invade Naples?
When Charles VIII of France Invaded in 1495
What matrimonial alliance helped Ferdinand secure Naples?
Phillip and Juana. He agreed this with Maximilian I, who had recently claimed Milan
Why was the death of Charles VIII a success for Ferdinand?
Charles’ successor, Louis XII, was more interested in Milan than Naples
I) What did the Treaty of Grenada (1500) stipulate?
II) How was it broken
I) Naples would be divided between France and Spain
II) Spain ran France out after their victories in Cerignola and Garigliano in 1503
I) What did the Treaty of Blois (1505) stipulate?
Louis XII gave his rights to Naples to his niece, Germaine de Foix, who married Ferdinand that year
What were the positives of taking Naples?
Greater income and agriculture
What were the negatives of taking Naples (3)?
Involved Spain in Italian affairs, an ongoing conflict with France and brought Spain closer to the Ottomans
What were the long-term effects of taking Naples (3)?
Another Holy League was formed in 1511, The French were driven out of Navarre in 1512, A combined German and Spanish force drove Louis XII out of Italy in 1513
What was the date of the Granada war
1481-92
What was the papal grant for the Granada war
800 Million maravedis
How many Christian’s moved in to Granada after it was conquered
40,000
When was it assumed that Granada’s moors were being Christianised
1501
When did Cathrine go to England?
1499
