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LHAP Year 2-3 > Irrigation #2 > Flashcards

Irrigation #2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most expensive water to use

A

Potable

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2
Q

What are the advantages of potable water

A

Easiest, safest, reliable flow and pressure

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3
Q

What water source requires extra filtration

A

Grey

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4
Q

How do we capture groundwater

A

Wells

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5
Q

Is groundwater all the same quality

A

No

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6
Q

Other than tap water which water is sometimes considered potable

A

Ground water

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7
Q

What water source do you need license for

A

Ground and surface water

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8
Q

Which water source may require aeration

A

Surface water

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9
Q

What is the difference between a natural pond and a stormwater pond?

A

Storm water is collected from roadways and sidewalks whereas natural pond water is a collection of surface water

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10
Q

How do we prevent stormwater from going into groundwater

A

Rainwater harvesting

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11
Q

Which water sources tend to fluctuate

A

Surface water & Ground water

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12
Q

When capturing rainwater what is the source

A

Rooftops

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13
Q

How does the irrigation industry indicate non-potable water is being used

A

The colour purple or lavender on signage and equipment

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14
Q

Is reclaimed water ready to use for irrigation

A

No

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15
Q

What type of water has to used within 24hrs

A

Grey

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16
Q

What type of water can only be used for subsurface irrigation

A

Grey

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17
Q

Definition of a block system

A

A block system is a series of sprinkler heads that are all run by one controller and valve at the beginning of each zone.

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18
Q

What system takes lots of manpower to operate

A

Coupler system

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19
Q

What system is the most efficient

A

Mirco-irrigation

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20
Q

What system is often used in golf courses

A

Valve in head

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21
Q

What system allows you to isolate a whole area of sprinklers

A

Block system

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22
Q

What is the purpose of a installing a BFPD

A

To prevent contamination of domestic water supplies

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23
Q

What BFPD has to be installed on the sprinkler side of the system

A

AVB - Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker

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24
Q

What BFPD is specified by most Alberta municipalities

A

Double Check

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25
Q

What BFPD cannot be pressure checked

A

AVB HCVB Dual Check

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26
Q

What BFPD have to be installed above the highest sprinkler

A

AVB HCVB PVB - Pressure Vacuum Breaker

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27
Q

What BFPD is the best

A

Double check

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28
Q

What sprinkler is used for smaller areas

A

Spray heads

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29
Q

What sprinkler is used for smaller areas

A

Spray heads

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30
Q

What sprinkler type has lower precipitation rates

A

Rotary heads

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31
Q

What sprinkler has to operate off higher pressures

A

Rotary

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32
Q

What sprinkler has higher flow rates

A

Spray heads

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33
Q

What type of sprinkler is easiest to maintain

A

Spray heads

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34
Q

What sprinkler comes with a nozzle tree

A

Rotary heads

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35
Q

What is a PRS sprinkler

A

Pressure Regulated Sprinkler - regulated to a certain psi

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36
Q

What does purple indicate on the cap of a sprinkler

A

Non-potable

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37
Q

What is the purpose of a check valve in the bottom of a sprinkler

A

to prevent bottom end seepage

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38
Q

How does a variable arc nozzle differ from a fixed spray nozzle

A

The pattern that the water is distributed in can be adjusted on variable arc nozzle whereas it cannot be on a fixed spray nozzle

39
Q

How does a rotator differ from a fixed spray nozzle?

A

Rotary heads move in a specific pattern whereas fixed nozzles do not move and just spray in a set pattern.

40
Q

What is the formula for the precipitation rate of a full circle sprinkler spaced in a square pattern

A

PR= (96.3xgpm)/(SxL)

41
Q

What is the formula for a triangular pattern?

A

PR=(96.3xgpm)/(Sx(Lx.866))

42
Q

What is the formula for a part circle sprinkler?

A

Square spacing PR= ((96.3gpm)/(SL))*(360/arc)

43
Q

What type of is used for situations where cultivation is needed

A

Aluminum

44
Q

What type of pipe has the lowest friction loss

A

PVC

45
Q

What type of pipe is most flexible

A

PE

46
Q

What type of pipe is subject to frost cracking

A

PVC

47
Q

What type of pipe has the highest pressure rating

A

HDPE

48
Q

What type of pipe uses insert fittings

A

PE

49
Q

What type of pipe can only handle lower pressures

A

PE

50
Q

What type of pipe is joined by fusion welding

A

HDPE

51
Q

What type of pipe is measured by outside diameter

A

PVC

52
Q

What type of pipe is solvent welded together

A

PVC

53
Q

What is the SDR rating on the pipe

A

Standard Dimension Ratio

54
Q

What does 04 in PE 1404 indicate

A

Hydrostatic design pressure multiplied by 100

55
Q

What does 160 or series 160 on PVC pipe indicate

A

Maximum recommended operating pressure

56
Q

What is the least damaging to a landscape, a trencher or a vibratory plow

A

Vibratory Plow

57
Q

What 2 pieces of information do you need to size a pipe

A

GPM and velocity

58
Q

How do you calculate static pressure?

A

Elevation*.433=ANS

59
Q

Dynamic pressure is determined by?

A

Elevation, friction loss and pressure loss.

60
Q

What is the purpose of the bleed screw in an electric controlled valve

A

To release built up pressure in the upper chamber

61
Q

What is the purpose of the flow control knob

A

To limit the amount the diaphragm can open

62
Q

How does an electric control valve operate

A

A solenoid turns off and closes the pressure by-pass port and allows pressure to build in the upper chamber. When the valve needs to close a magnet is activated in the plunger and is lifted and pressure is allowed to decrease in the upper chamber.

63
Q

How is pressure relieved off the upper chamber

A

The plunger is lifted by the solenoid and pressure is released through the by-pass port.

64
Q

What blocks the bypass port

A

The plunger from the solenoid.

65
Q

How does water get to the upper chamber

A

The intake port

66
Q

What happens to the sprinklers if the inlet port is plugged

A

water is unable to reach the upper chamber

67
Q

what manual valve is used for larger pipe sizes

A

Butterfly valve

68
Q

Where is the transformer on an outdoor controller

A

Built into the wire

69
Q

What voltage does the transformer transform down to

A

Under 30v

70
Q

What does C mean on the terminal strip

A

Common

71
Q

What colour is standard for the common wire

A

White

72
Q

What are the coloured wires called?

A

Field Wires

73
Q

How is a valve wired

A

The common is wired to either wire on top of the valve and then connected to the common on the controller and then the field wire is also wired to the valve and then wired to a zone spot on the controller

74
Q

What type of programming is used on small residential controllers?

A

Stacked programming

75
Q

How are wire splices protected in an irrigation system? Waterproof connector

A

Waterproof connector

76
Q

What type of sensors can be installed in an irrigation control box?

A

Soil moisture sensor, rain sensors.

77
Q

What three areas can filters be installed in an irrigation system?

A

Inline, at the heads, before the valves

78
Q

What is the least expensive filtration system?

A

Mesh

79
Q

What system should only be used for organic contaminants?

A

Mesh and Sand Media

80
Q

What system is used to remove mineral contaminants?

A

Sand separators

81
Q

What system(s) are self flushing?

A

Disk and Sand

82
Q

Where can pressure be regulated in a system?

A

Inline, heads and valves

83
Q

Where is the best place to regulate a sprinkler zone?

A

At the heads

84
Q

What happens to a sprinkler pattern if the pressure is too high for the nozzle?

A

Brown donut

85
Q

What happens if the pressure is too low for the nozzle?

A

Green donut

86
Q

What would you use in a shrub bed if all plants have different water requirements?

A

Point source emitters

87
Q

What would you use for a row crop where all plants are the same?

A

Drip tape or drip tubing

88
Q

What is a root feeder for?

A

Trees

89
Q

What is the difference between drip tape and drip tubing?

A

One is flat and one is round

90
Q

What spacing of drip tubing would you buy for a clay soil?

A

1-3’

91
Q

How would this compare to a sandy soil?

A

3-6’

92
Q

What extra components do you add to the start of a micro system?

A

Backflow preventer, pressure regulator, filter.

93
Q

A column of water 1 foot high = 1 foot of head =

A

.433psi

94
Q

What is the constant for precipitation rate

A

96.3 or 369 dam real fine!

LHAP Year 2-3 (12 decks)

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