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International Relations > IR 002: Lecture 4 > Flashcards

IR 002: Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the immediate cause of WW1

A

-Crisis in the Balkans that turned out of control
-Leaders were overly optimistic about victory

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2
Q

Structural causes of WW1?

A

-Global imperial rivalries
-Economic rivalries
-Historical rivalries

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3
Q

What were the casualties of WW1

A

-10M dead
-21M wounded
-8M prisoners

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4
Q

What were the strategic consequences of WW1?

A

Europe began to decline:
-Destruction across Europe
-European powers indebted to the US
-European powers lost their credibility as “enlightened” and “superior” actors
-Growing struggle for independence across European colonies

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5
Q

When was the creation of the Soviet Union?

A

1922

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6
Q

What was the goal Russia’s communist revolution?

A

Social Justice and Anti-imperialism

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7
Q

When was Russia’s communist revolution

A

1917

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8
Q

When did the US enter WW1

A

1917

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9
Q

What were President Woodrow Wilsons ideals?

A

-European victors should not punish Germany to harshly
-European colonies/empires should become independent
-League of Nations

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10
Q

What was the League of Nations

A

An international organization designed to ensure collective security and preserve world peace

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11
Q

Why were other countries against Woodrow Wilsons ideals

A

-Didn’t want to end colonialism
-The US congress did no want the US to get too involved in world affairs

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12
Q

What was the cause of WW2

A

-Unfair punishment of Germany
-Treaty of Versailles
-Frustration among some of the winners (not appropriately rewarded)
-Weakness of the League of Nations (US did not join)

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13
Q

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

A

1919

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14
Q

When did the Great Depression begin?

A

1929

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15
Q

What was the Great Depression?

A

-Stock market crash in the US
-US protectionist measures (+ other states retaliated)
-Trade wars across the world

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16
Q

What year did Hitler become chancellor?

A

1933

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17
Q

When did Germany attack Poland?

A

September of 1939

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18
Q

When did Germany attack the Soviet Union?

A

June of 1941

19
Q

When did Japan attack the United States?

A

December 7th 1941

20
Q

Between what years did the breakthroughs of the Axis occur?

A

1939-1940

21
Q

What was the turning point in WW2

A

The Battle of the Atlantic

22
Q

When was the battle of Stalingrad?

A

September 1942 - February 1943

23
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of the Atlantic

A

Enabled the US/Britain to prepare offensives in Europe/Africa

24
Q

Why were the US offensives against Japan so successful?

A

-Japan was overstretched
-US economic/demographic superiority

25
Q

What strategies did the US use against Japan?

A

-Island hopping offensive
-Strategic bombing

26
Q

When was the Battle of Midway

A

June 1942

27
Q

When was the Allies final victory in WW2?

A

1945

28
Q

When did the US bomb Japan?

A

August 6th and August 9th 1945

29
Q

Who were the main victors of WW2?

A

-Britain (but imperial decline)
-Soviet Union (but 27-30M dead)
-US (hold 50% of global wealth and 0.3M dead)

30
Q

When was the UN created?

A

1944

31
Q

When was the Cold War?

A

1947-1989

32
Q

What was the US strategy in the Cold War?

A

Containment of Communism

33
Q

What do some scholars say the cause of the cold war was?

A
  1. Traditionalist -Soviet agressions
  2. Revisionist School - US provocations w/ nukes in WW2
  3. Post-revisionist School - Misperceptions Fear and mistrust
34
Q

When was the US Marshall Plan

A

1947

35
Q

When was NATO created?

A

1949

36
Q

What is an ideology?

A

A system of abstract ideas which purports to explain reality, expresses value goals, and contains programs of action for the rejection or attainment of the kind of social order in which its proponents believe the goals can best be realized

37
Q

What is neo-imperialism?

A

Attempts to control weaker countries via more subtle and less violent tools (economic, military, ideological, etc.) than those used under imperialism/colonialism

38
Q

In what ways did the US use neo-imperialism in the Cold War

A

-Financial aid
-Military assistance
-Alliances with anticommunist dictators
-coups
-interventions

39
Q

In what was did the Soviet Union use neo-imperialism in the Cold War

A

-Financial aid
-Military assistance
-Alliances with anticommunist dictators
-coups
-interventions

40
Q

How did the Third World resist neo-imperialism from stronger states?

A

-The Bandung Conference
-NAM (Non-aligned Movement)
-Denounced the superpowers domination

41
Q

Why did the Cold War End?

A

-Fall of the Berlin Wall in November of 1989
-Break up of the Soviet Union in 1991
-Arms race
-Anti-nuclear war movements

42
Q

When did the Soviet Union Breakup?

A

1991

43
Q

When did the Berlin Wall fall?

A

1989

44
Q

Why did the Cold War end peacefully?

A

Gorbachev’s decision not to repress popular uprisings in 1989-1991

International Relations (26 decks)

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