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IP Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnosis criteria typically includes what three things?

A
  1. impact on functioning
  2. the exclusion of other conditions
  3. specified timeframe for symptoms.
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2
Q

Integrated care that combines ______ and ______ is pivotal for effective diagnosis and treatment.

A

mental health and primary health care

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3
Q

Gather all of this when making a diagnosis

A

client, partner, family reports, health records, and tests

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4
Q

What is the primary purpose of the DSM-5?

A

The primary purpose of DSM-5 is to assist trained clinicians in the diagnosis of their patients’ mental disorders as part of a case formulation assessment that leads to a fully informed treatment plan for each individual.

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5
Q

DSM

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a manual for diagnosing mental disorders.

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6
Q

ICD-CM

A

International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, a version modified for clinical use in the United States.

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7
Q

Prolonged Grief Disorder

A

A new diagnosis included in DSM-5-TR, characterized by persistent and intense grief that disrupts functioning.

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8
Q

What major updates does the DSM-5-TR include?

A

The DSM-5-TR includes a new diagnosis for prolonged grief disorder, modifications to criteria sets for over 70 disorders, and reviews of racial impacts on mental disorders.

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9
Q

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

A

Axis V in the DSM multiaxial system, assessing an individual’s overall level of functioning.

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10
Q

Multiaxial System

A

A system in DSM-III and DSM-IV that assesses mental health disorders across multiple axes, including clinical and environmental factors. (now obsolete in DSM V

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11
Q

How does DSM-5-TR address diagnosing children?

A

The DSM-5-TR updates diagnostic criteria to capture experiences and symptoms of children more precisely, emphasizing careful evaluations.

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12
Q

Differential Diagnosis

A

The process of distinguishing a particular disorder from others that share similar signs and symptoms.

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13
Q

What are “other specified” and “unspecified” designations in diagnoses?

A

These designations allow clinicians to specify a particular reason for a diagnosis that does not meet full criteria or to identify cases where insufficient information is available.

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14
Q

A category of disorders that includes conditions predominantly affecting the development of the nervous system, manifesting in early life.

A

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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15
Q

What role do ICD codes play in DSM-5-TR?

A

ICD codes in DSM-5-TR provide the only permissible diagnostic codes for mental disorders for clinical use in the U.S., enhancing congruence between DSM and ICD systems.

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16
Q

ICD-CM VS. DSM V TR

A

Very similar. ICD-CM is used globally and DSM V is used primarily in US. Some differences

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17
Q

What is the first step in the DSM-5-TR differential diagnosis process?

A

The first step is to rule out Malingering and Factitious Disorder.

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18
Q

How do Malingering and Factitious Disorder differ in their motivation?

A

Malingering is motivated by external rewards, whereas Factitious Disorder occurs without obvious external rewards.(playing sick role)

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19
Q

The relationship between substance use (including medications) and psychiatric symptoms where the latter may result directly from the effects of the substance.

A

substance etiology

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20
Q

Why is it crucial to rule out substance etiology in psychiatric diagnosis?

A

Missing a substance etiology can lead to incorrect diagnoses and inappropriate treatment, as symptoms can be misattributed to primary psychiatric disorders.

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21
Q

What is the third step in the DSM-5-TR differential diagnosis process?

A

The third step is to rule out disorders due to another medical condition.

22
Q

What does the fourth step in the differential diagnosis process involve?

A

The fourth step involves determining the specific independent mental disorder(s).

23
Q

A psychological response to an identifiable stressor that results in clinically significant emotional or behavioral symptoms.

A

adjustment disorder

24
Q

What does the fifth step differentiate?

A

The fifth step differentiates Adjustment Disorders from residual Other Specified and Unspecified Mental Disorders.

25
Q

A mental disorder that causes clinically significant impairment but does not meet the criteria for any specific DSM-5-TR diagnosis, with a specified reason noted.

A

Other Specified Mental Disorder

26
Q

How does a clinician establish the boundary between a mental disorder and no mental disorder?

A

The clinician evaluates whether the symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning.

27
Q

Clinically Significant Distress

A

Distress that is severe enough to warrant a diagnosis and causes notable impact on social, occupational, or other crucial life areas.

28
Q

What is important about the relationship between symptoms and a nonpsychiatric medical condition?

A

The relationship can be direct, psychological, medication-induced, or coincidental; understanding this is essential for accurate diagnosis.

29
Q

What is a key factor in diagnosing Substance/Medication-Induced Mental Disorders?

A

Determining whether the psychiatric symptoms remit within a specific period after cessation of acute intoxication or withdrawal from the substance.

30
Q

A diagnosis indicating that psychological symptoms adversely impact a nonpsychiatric medical condition.

A

Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions

31
Q

What is the goal of differential diagnosis in psychiatric settings?

A

To accurately identify and differentiate between mutually exclusive diagnoses to explain a patient’s symptom presentation.

32
Q

How does DSM-5-TR define “clinically significant distress?”

A

There is no strict definition; it’s based on clinical judgment

33
Q

In the differential diagnosis process, what must be ruled out after Malingering and Factitious Disorder?

A

Substance Etiology

34
Q

What generally happens when multiple DSM-5-TR diagnoses are assigned to a single patient?

A

They can indicate a single underlying process

35
Q

What are common reasons for a patient to misrepresent their symptoms?

A
  1. Underlying psychological condition
  2. Intentional exaggeration of symptoms
  3. Seeking social support
36
Q

What is the diagnostic implication of a patient presenting with overlapping psychiatric and substance-induced symptoms?

A

The symptoms are either independent or linked

37
Q

What must be established when considering that a mental disorder could be due to another medical condition?

A

Coincidence of psychiatric symptoms and nonpsychiatric medical condition

38
Q

When differentiating between Adjustment Disorders and Other Specified or Unspecified categories, what is a crucial factor?

A

Connection to psychosocial stressors

39
Q

Introduction Diagnosis is integral part of medicine and the way in which it organises illness: a diagnosis is essential for

A

providing an explanatory framework for clinicians, predicting outcomes and identifying treatment options (Jutel, 2009).

40
Q

The social role associated with being diagnosed as ill, which allows individuals to access medical services, insurance reimbursements, and sick leave.

A

sick role

41
Q

How does receiving a diagnosis benefit the patient?

A

It facilitates access to medical services, provides a social explanation for illness, and aids in managing the individual’s identity.

42
Q

A concept referring to how mental illness can alter a person’s life narrative and everyday life, affecting social relationships and personal expectations.

A

Biographical disruption

43
Q

What are the social consequences of mental illness diagnosis?

A

Diagnosed individuals face stigma, social exclusion, and reduced life chances.

44
Q

The language and practices used in medicine that can shape societal norms of what is considered typical or deviant.

A

medical discourse

45
Q

What does research suggest patients desire from psychiatric encounters?

A

Patients seek explanations for their problems and symptoms to construct meaningful illness narratives.

46
Q

The personal story that patients create to explain their experiences with illness, linking their body, self, and society.

A

Illness narrative

47
Q

What are the two “voices” in medical communication, according to Mishler?

A

The voice of medicine, which focuses on abstract rules, and the voice of the lifeworld, reflecting the patient’s personal context and experiences.

48
Q

Conversational face-work

A

Strategies employed to maintain a coherent and socially acceptable identity during interactions, particularly in sensitive situations like psychiatric interviews.

49
Q

How do patients contribute to the diagnostic process during interviews?

A

Patients provide explanations for their symptoms and connect them to life experiences, helping inform the diagnostic process.

50
Q

Lists of symptoms used in diagnostic manuals to classify psychiatric illnesses, primarily based on subjective reports rather than objective measurements.

A

Symptom categories

51
Q

What happens when the patient’s narrative and medical understanding misalign?

A

It can lead to challenges in convincing clinicians of the patient’s suffering, leading to a feeling of being unheard or ignored.

52
Q
A

IP (13 decks)

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