Iontophoresis

Question 1

ES: Iontophoresis - General

Answer 1

Transport medications through skin Continuous, direct, monophasic Like charges repel like +ve ions move towards cathode where secondary alkaline reaction occurs (NaOH) -ve ions move towards annode where acid is produce (HCl) The number of ions transferred is directly related to the treatment duration, current density and ion concentration

Question 2

ES: Iontophoresis - Contraindications

Answer 2

General rules for ES Impaired skin sensation Allergy or sensitivity to meds Denuded area or recent scar Cuts, bruises or broken skin Metal in or near treatment area

Question 3

ES: Iontophoresis - Medication Application

Answer 3

Amplitude: start at 2 mA; ↑ to 4mA if pt will tolerate

Direct current, 4-5 mA (4-6 in apart)

Current Dosage = time *current intensity

Safe limit anode: 1 mA/cm2

Safe limit cathode: 0.5 mA/cm2

Duration: 10-40 minutes

*observe treatment area every 5 minutes

**(-) medication placed under cathode

**(+) medication placed under anode

Question 4

ES: Iontophoresis - Application and Parameters

Answer 4

• Dispersive electrode placed at either proximal or distal distant site, ~4-6” away
• *observe treatment area every 5 minutes
• **(-) medication placed under cathode
• **(+) medication placed under anode

Question 5

Polar Effects of Iontophoresis Medication Application

Answer 5

• Polar effects:
  
  • (+) move toward negative pole (cathode) where 2nd alkaline reactions occur (NaOH)
  • (-) move toward positive pole (anode) where an acid is produced (HCl)
• To reduce alkaline effect the (-)ve electrode should be 2x size of (+)ve, regardless of which is the active electrode

Question 6

Indication: Analgesia

Answer 6

• (+) lidocaine (lidocaine)
• (+) xylocaine (xylocaine)
• (-) Salicylate (sodium salicylate)

Question 7

Indication: Calcium Deposits

Answer 7

(-) Acetate (acetic acid)

Question 8

Indication: Dermal Ulcers

Answer 8

(+) Zinc (zinc oxide)

Question 9

Indication: Edema Reduction:

Answer 9

(+) hyalurindase (Wydase)

Question 10

Indication: Fungal Infections:

Answer 10

(+) Copper (copper sulfate)

Question 11

Indication: Hyperhidrosis

Answer 11

(+/-) Water (tap water)

Question 12

Indication: Muscle Spasm

Answer 12

(+) Calcium (calcium chloride)

(+) magnesium (magnesium sulfate)

Question 13

Indication: MSK Inflammatory Conditions

Answer 13

(-) Dexamethasone (dexamethasone phosphate)

(+) hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone sodium succinate)