Cold Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Increased physiological responses to cryotherapy application

  1. Joint stiffness:
  2. Pain threshold:
  3. Increased Blood Viscosity:
  4. Muscle Strength:
A
  1. Joint stiffness: decreased extensibility of collagen tissue and increased tissue viscosity
  2. Pain threshold: inhibition of A delta and C fibers (gate theory), interruption of pain-spasm cycle, decreased sensory and motor conduction, synaptic transmission slowed or blocked
  3. Increased Blood Viscosity: decreased blood flow in small vessels facilitates red blood cells adhering to one another and vessel wall, impeding blood flow
  4. Muscle Strength: facilitation of alpha motor neuron (short duration: 1-5 min)
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2
Q

Decreased Physiological responses of body sytems with cryotherapy application

  1. Blood flow
  2. capillary permeability
  3. elasticity of nonelastic tissues
  4. metabolism
  5. muscle spasm
  6. muscle strength
  7. spasticity
  8. vasoactive agents
A
  1. Blood flow = sympathetic adrenergic activity produces vasoconstriction of arteries etc.
  2. capillary permeability = decreased fluids into interstitial tissue
  3. elasticity of nonelastic tissues: decreased
  4. metabolism: dec rate of cellular oxidation
  5. muscle spasm: decreased firing of II afferents of ms spindle, increased firing of Ib GTO fibers reduces alpha MN activity and thus decreases tonic extrafusal activity
  6. muscle strength: decreased blood flow, increased viscous properties of ms, (long > 5-10 min)
  7. spasticity: decreased muscle spindle discharge (afferents: primary, secondary) decreased gamma motor neuron activity
  8. Vasoactive agents: decreased blood flow
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3
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - Local Effects

A
  • Decreased:
    • Blood flow,
    • capillary permeability,
    • elasticity of nonelastic tissues,
    • metabolism,
    • muscle spasm,
    • muscle strength (after 5-10 mins),
    • spasticity,
    • vasoactive agents
  • Increased:
    • Joint stiffness,
    • pain threshold,
    • blood viscosity,
    • muscle strength (in first 5 mins)
    • Vasoconstriction causes skin blanching at center with hyperemia due to histamine reaction around edge of the contact area.
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4
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - General Effects

A
  • Decreased:
    • Metabolic rate,
    • HR,
    • RR,
    • venous BP
  • Increased:
    • Blood flow to internal organs,
    • CO,
    • SV,
    • arterial BP,
    • shivering (when core temp drops)
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5
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - General Indications

A
  • Modulate pain
  • Reduce or eliminate soft tissue inflammation or swelling
  • Reduce ms spasm
  • Reduce hypersensitivity
  • Cryokinetics
  • Management of symptoms in multiple sclerosis
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6
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - General Contraindications

A
  • Cold hypersensitivity (urticaria)
  • Cold intolerance
  • Cryoglobulinemia
  • Peripheral vascular disease
  • Impaired temperature sensation
  • Raynauds Paroxysmal
  • cold hemoglobinuria
  • Over regenerating peripheral nerves.
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7
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - General Precautions

A
  • Hypertension
  • Impaired temp sensation
  • Open wound
  • Over superficial nerve
  • Very old or young
  • Cognitive changes
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8
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - Application (types)

A
  • Cold pack:
    • Dampen towel w/ warm water
    • Treatment temp: 0-10 deg F
    • Treatment Time: 10-20 min
  • Ice pack:
    • Treatment temp: 0-10 deg F
    • Treatment Time: 10-20 min
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9
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - Application: Ice Massage

A
  • Stages: cold, burning, ache, numb
  • Area no greater than 4x6 inches
  • Not over superficial nerve
  • Time: 5-10 min or analgesia
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10
Q

Thermal Agents: Cryotherapy - Application: Vapocoolant Spray

A
  • (evaporation)
  • Hold 18-24 inches away @ 30 deg
  • Spray 4 inches/sec
  • Allow complete evaporation,

repeat

  • Ms PROM stretch before during
  • Time: 10-15 minutes *trigger points
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