Ions and Drawing Ions Flashcards
What are ions?
An ion is a charged particle(atom). Ions can either be positively charged(+) or negatively charged(-). This charge is due to a:
- Loss of electrons(the atom becomes a positive (+) ion
- Gain of electrons(the atom becomes a negative (-) ion.
How do ions form?
Ions form when atoms join to form compounds. Atoms like to form a Stable Octet in their outer orbital when becoming an ion.
How do atoms make Stable Octets?
- Giving away 1, 2, or 3 electrons to another atom.
- Accepting 1, 2, or 3 electrons from another atom.
What are anions?
- An anion is an ion with a negative charge.
- Anions are always non-metals.
- Anions are always formed from atoms that have 5, 6, or 7 valence electrons.
- Anions will form when a non-metal gains electrons.
What are cations?
- A cation is an ion with a positive charge.
- Cations are always metal.
- Cations are always formed from atoms that have q, 2 or 3 balance electrons.
- Cations will form when a metal loses electrons.
How do you name ions?
Anions: When non-metals become anions the of their name changes to ide. If the anion is a polyatomic ion, name it from the table of polyatomic ions.
Cations: When metal atoms become cations the name remains the same. If a polyatomic ion is a cation, name it from the table of polyatomic ions.
How do you draw a positive ion?
Put brackets around the diagram and put down a plus and the number of electrons they gave away.
How do you draw negative ions?
Put brackets around the diagram ad put down a negative and the number of electrons they gained.
Each energy level of the periodic table can hold a certain number of _______.
Electrons.
The first energy level can hold a maximum __ electrons.
2
The second level can hold a maximum of __ electrons.
8
The third level can hold a maximum of __ electrons.
8
What is a stable octet?
An atom with a full valence shell when forming ions.
The period number of an element equals____.
the number of energy levels.
What is valence energy?
The outer energy level.
What are valence electrons?
The electrons on the outer energy level.
An ion is a ________ in which the number of protons does not equal the number of ______. Ions have _____ or ______ charges associated with them called ionic charges.
Charged particles, electrons, positive, negative.
Atoms can form ions by either _____ or ______ electrons.
Gaining, losing.
Metals tend to have 1, 2, or 3 electrons in their outer most energy level. The tend to ______ these electrons to form ____ ions.
Giveaway, cation.
The names of ions of metal elements ______________.
do not change.
Non-metals tend to have 5, 6, or 7 electrons in their outermost energy level. They tend to _____ electrons to fill the energy level, and therefore form ions with a _______ charge. When non-metals form ions, the name of the ion changed its ending to ____.
Gain, negative, -ide.
What kind of arrangement of electrons in the outer energy level does a stable ion have?
It has a full level or an empty level.
