IO Flashcards
A high LPC leader is characterized by? Does best in what situations?
Describe least preferred coworker in positive terms and is person centered. Does best in moderately favorable situations
What is ERG theory of motivation?
Involves three categories of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. Needs are on a continuum and people can move back and forth on the continuum.
-Similar Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory
A low LPC leader is characterized by? Does best in what situations?
Low LPC = task motivated leader and describes least preferred worker in negative terms and are most effective in very favorable (high control) or very unfavorable situations (low control).
What is expectancy theory?
States work motivation is related to three phenomena: beliefs about effort and performance, performance and outcome and desirability of outcomes (valence)
Forced distribution
System of personnel evaluation where employees are ranked against each other and to distribute rating in a specified way - 1 out of 100 or top 10%
Forced choice
Uses multiple choice scale to evaluate employees on a variety of dimensions. The tater must select one statement from a set of two or more that eat describes the employee
BARS
Behaviorally anchored Rating Scale: doing a job analysis to identify vertical incidents or specific behaviors that are associated with good or poor performance. Using this scale, a tater would choose the behavior that most characteristic of the employee being evaluated
Criterion contamination has what effect…
Increases the validity coefficient of a job selection test…makes a predictor seem more valid that it actually is…
What is Herzberg’s Two-factor theory?
Divides job elements into two types: hygiene factors (extrinsic to work itself) and motivators (intrinsic to work). Hygiene factors result in job dissatisfaction when absent but not job satisfaction when present. Motivators result in job satisfaction when present.
What are the big five personality traits?
OCEAN Openness Conscientiousness Extroversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
What may result in a job performance measure with low validity with good reliability?
Criterion deficiency
What is centralized and decentralized communication networks? What type if tasks are each most effective with?
Centralized communication - passes through one person on a chain of command. Best for simple tasks.
Decentralized communication - information moves between many people. Best for complex tasks.
The concept of career anchor refers to:
His or her self-concept consisting of self-perceived talents and abilities, basic values, motives, and needs as they pertain to the career. There are eight anchors-priorities, technical competence, general managerial competence, autonomy, entrepreneurial creativity, service/dedication, pure challenge, lifestyle
What are Holland’s six personality types?
RIASEC Realistic Investigative Artistic Social Enterprising Conventional
Item characteristic curve
Graphs that depict individual test items in terms of the percentage of individuals in different ability groups who answered the item correctly
Theory Z
Examines how workers contribute and proposes that workers naturally wish to cooperate and are loyal to the organization
Three-needs theory
McClelland People learn needs from culture and when one need is strong it has the potential to motivate behavior that leads to satisfaction 1. Need do affiliation 2. Need for power 3. Need for achievement
Trainability test
Determine potential employees suitability for training. How well employee does on a job sample not to directly predict how well he person will do the job itself
What theory of leadership uses a decision tree
Vroom an Yetton’s normative model
Paired comparison is used to
Appraise performance
Delegating leadership style
Low task and low relationship
Participating leadership style
Low task and high relationship
Selling leadership style
High task and high relationship
Telling leadership style
High task and low relationship
Paired comparisons vs merit comparisons
A rater compares each person with every other person. Specific but time consuming. Precise but difficult.
Merit comparisons has the rater rank order people in terms of some criterion , such as overall job performance. Less precise and less time.
Of the Big Five personality traits which in is the most stable and the least table over time?
Most stable - extraversion
Least stable - neuroticism
What is the purpose if a utility analysis?
Summarize and identify key variables that describe the consequences of HR programs to improve decision making
Research on the effects of gender on leadership found
Females and makes are equally effective overall however males were more effective at first level management an females were more effective at middle level management.
Opponent process theory states
Job attitudes emanate from a person’s physiological state. When a person experiences an extreme emotional state, his or her central nervous system mechanisms attempt to bring him back to a state of equilibrium and progress to the opposite emotional state. Opposite emotions!!
Job dissatisfaction theory
2 separate groups of factors influencing job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. One group is called motivators and lead to satisfaction. The second group called hygiene (extrinsic) lead to dissatisfaction.
Vitamin model
Certain features in the workplace act similarly to vitamins. The level and combination if stressors have an effect in well being and some features start to have a negative effect if try increase beyond recommended daily dose
Model of facet satisfaction
Posits that job satisfaction is conceived in terms if different facets of the job - a compilation of feelings of satisfaction on an array of situational, biological, social and environmental factors. People compare what job should provide with what facets it currently provides.
What are the major findings from Lewin’s study on leadership styles?
3 leadership styles - authoritarian, democratic, laissez-faire
Laissez-faire was the least successful in terms of quantity and quality of work output despite personality type
Authoritarian les to highest quantity of work and democratic the highest quality and most satisfaction.
Some children preferred one style over the other
Work samples are an effective selection technique because
Less likely to discriminate against members of minority groups
Good predictors of performance
However work samples of motor skills have more validity than work samples of verbal skills
