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The Holy Grail (Miscellaneous) > Investigations > Flashcards

Investigations Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatophyte

A

Woods Lamp

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2
Q

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

A

Woods Lamp

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3
Q

T1 Hypersensitivity

A 
Take history
Specific IgE
Skin prick
Challenge test
Induce anaphylaxis- look for Serum mast cell tryptase
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4
Q

T4 Hypersensitivity

A

Patch Test

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5
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

A

Tzanck smear

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6
Q

Pemphigus/ pemphigoid (blistering conditions)

A

Biopsy + direct immunofluorescence
Pemphigus- nikolsky’s positive
Pemphigoid- nikolsky’s negative

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7
Q

Temporal Arteritis

A

Temporal biopsy (be aware of skip lesions)
Raised ESR
Raised CRP

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8
Q

Soft tissue swelling

A

USS

MRI

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9
Q

Crystal arthropathies

A

Needle aspirate and bifringence
Negative crystals- Uric acid = gout
Positive crystals- Calcium pyrophosphate = pseudogout
Alizarin red stain- hydroxyapatite = Milwakee Shoulder

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10
Q

Saddle anesthesia

A

Urgent MRI <6hrs

Mandator PR

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11
Q

Suspected SLE

A

Urinalysis to rule out Lupus nephritis

Biopsy

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12
Q

Suspected polymyositis

A 
Serum CK (always elevated, can be normal in dermatomyositis)
Muscle biopsy (CDT8 cells in polymyositis, CDT4 in dermatomyositis) 
Electromyography (EMG)
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13
Q

Acromegaly

A

Screening serum IGF-1

Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT) (normal <0.4micrograms)

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14
Q

Cushing’s

A

Screening overnight dexamethasone suppression

2day 3mg/day dexamethasone suppression (normal <50)

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15
Q

Conn’s

A

Renin: Aldosterone ratio- screening

Saline suppression test (failure to suppress Aldosterone by 50% from 2L)

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16
Q

GH Deficiency

A

Screening Serum IGF-1

Oral insulin tolerance (expect GH to increase)

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17
Q

T1DM

A

Antibodies: Anti GAD, Anti IA2
Hba1c : > or equal to 48
Random glucose: > or equal: 11.1
Fasting glucose: > 7

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18
Q

T2DM

A

Random glucose: > or equal: 11.1
Fasting glucose: > 7
OGTT: > or equal to 11.1 (in 2 hours)
Hba1c : > or equal to 48

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19
Q

Diabetes Insipidus

A

Water deprivation test (serum : urine osmolarity = 2:1)

20
Q

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

A

Rotterdam criteria: 2/3 of:

  • Evidence of PSO on USS
  • Menstrual irregularities
  • Evidence of increased androgens
21
Q

Pyloric Stenosis

A

Abdominal USS

22
Q

Malrotation

23
Q

Interssusception

A

USS (Target sign)

24
Q

Bacterial keratitis

A

Corneal scrape

25
Q

Endopthalmitis

A

Aqueous/Vitreous culture

26
Q

Acanthamoeba

A

Microscopy/culture

27
Q

Toxoplasma/Toxocara

A

Serology:
Toxoplasm- parasite
Toxocara- nematode

28
Q

Corneal trauma

A

Siedel’s test (fluorescein leakage)

29
Q

Scleritis

A

Phenylephrine drops- blood vessels should show contriction

30
Q

BPPV

A

Dix-Hallpike test

31
Q

Nose fracture

32
Q

Sinusitis

33
Q

Meniere’s

A

Romberg test

34
Q

Acoustic Neuroma

35
Q

Glandular fever

A

Paul-Bunnel Monospot test

EBV IgM

36
Q

Dysphagia

A

Barium swallow (strictures/ pharyngeal pouch/achalasia= bird beak, cork screw= oesophageal spasm)

37
Q

Sensonneural hearing loss

38
Q

Conductive hearing loss

39
Q

Suspect calculi

40
Q

Frank haematuria/ clot retention

A

3 way irrigating haematuria catheter

41
Q

Painless haematuria

42
Q

Fournier’s gangrene

43
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Urodynamics

44
Q

E. coli

A

Stool culture

45
Q

C. diff

A

Stool toxin

The Holy Grail (Miscellaneous) (20 decks)

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