Hormones and Electrolytes: Presentations

Question 1

Decreased BP, weakness, fatigue

Answer 1

Primary Hypoadrenalism

• Addison’s Disease
• TB
• Mets

Secondary Hypoadrenalism
- Pituitary tumour

Question 2

Decreased K+, Increased aldosterone, HTN

Answer 2

Primary Aldosteronism

• adrenal adenoma (Conn’s syndrome)
• Bilateral idopoathic adrenal hyperplasia, most common

Question 3

Tender goitre + thyrotoxicosis + increased T3/4 + decreased TSH and then after a while decreased T3/4 and increased TSH

Following URTI/ viral

Answer 3

Subacute (De Quervain’s) thyroiditis

Question 4

Hypothyroidism + goitre + anti-TPO, Increased TSH, Decreased T3/4

Answer 4

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Question 5

Increased K+, decreased Na+, increased Ca+, decreased glucose

Answer 5

Addison’s Crisis

• sepsis/ surgery/ haemorrhage/ steroid withdrawal

Question 6

Decreased K+, metabolic acidosis, increased ACTH

Answer 6

Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 7

Glucose < 11
pH < 7.3
HCO3 < 15
Ketones > 3 / ++

Heathy breathing and abdominal pain

Answer 7

DKA

Question 8

Increased Ca+, Decreased PO4, increased/normal PTH

Answer 8

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

• adenoma
• hyperplasia

Question 9

Decreased/normal Ca+, increased PTH

Answer 9

CKD

Question 10

Increased ACTH, decreased aldosterone, fatigue pain, weight loss, low BP

Answer 10

Addison’s disease

Question 11

High T3/4, increased BP, increased pulse, increased temperature, vomiting, diarrhoea

Answer 11

Thyroid storm

• stopped treatment
• become ill