Introduction to the Rules of Evidence Flashcards
1
Q
Outline when ‘Hearsay’ evidence is admissable.
A
- Hearsay evidence is admissible if the statement is reliable and either:
- The person is unavailable or - It would cause undue expense or delay in obtaining the witness
2
Q
Outline and explain the reliability of 'Hearsay' evidence. C H A N T
A
Hearsay evidence is admissible if the circumstances in Section 18 exist and the circumstances relating to the statement provide a reasonable assurance that the statement is reliable.
Circumstances include: C - Contents of the statement H - How the statement was taken A - Accuracy of the statement N - Nature of the statement T - Truthfulness of the statement
3
Q
Define ‘Opinion’ evidence.
A
- Opinion evidence is an inference made from observed facts.
4
Q
Define ‘Expert Opinion’ evidence.
A
- A witness can give expert opinion evidence if they are an expert or skilled by special study or experience in a particular field.
5
Q
When is 'Non-expert' Opinion evidence admissable? H A M I
A
- H: handwriting
- A: age
- M: mental or physical condition
- I: Identification
6
Q
Define ‘Propensity’ Evidence.
A
- Evidence that tends to show a persons tendency to act in a particular way or have a particular state of mind.
7
Q
In what circumstances are people unavailable to be a witness? D U N C O
A
- D: Dead
- U: Unit due to age/physical/mental condition
- N: Not compellable; The sovereign/judge etc
- C: Cannot be found
- O: Outside NZ
8
Q
Define ‘Hearsay’ evidence.
A
- Hearsay evidence is evidence that is a oral or written statement of a person who is not a witness in court.
- Rather the statement is given to the court by another person as evidence of what has happened.