Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Axial VS Appendicular

A

Axial surrounds CNS (brain and spinal cord)- includes skill, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, sacrum, and ONLY dorsal/posterior part of pelvis

Appendicular surround appendages- includes limbs, shoulder blades, hip bones in lower aspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bone Shape Classification

A

Long, Irregular, Flat, Short

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Sesamoid

A

The sesamoid bone is a short bone found within the tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are joints?

A

Articulation-joint connection between 2 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of joints

A

Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

FIbrous Joints

A

Dense connective tissue connecting bones in close contact

SUTURE bones in skull, GOMPHOSIS teeth in school, SYNDESMOSIS in forearm and leg

-generally, no movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A

Cartilage (hyaline, fibrocartilage) between bones

SYNCHONDROSIS- growth plate
SYMPHYSIS- intervertebral disc, pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Synovial Joints

A 
Most common joints allowing free movement 
(PIC)
1. Articular cartilage
2. Synovial Cavity
3. Synovial fluid
4. Joint Capsule
5. Reinforcing ligaments
6. Nerves and blood vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ABduction

A

movement in coronal plane away from midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ADduction

A

Moving toward midline in coronal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Supination VS Pronation

forearm, mandible

A

Supination: Twist at the elbow, rotating forward “hold soup and throw it away”

Pronation: Rotate JUST the Forarm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Circumduction

A

This is NOT rotation of limbs- its movement between abduction and adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Plantarflexion VS. Dorsiflexion

A

(ANKLE ONLY)

Plantarflexion: point toes down (like a ballerina)

Dorsiflexion: point toes upward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Inversion VS Eversion

A

(ANKLE ONLY)

Inversion: sole of the foot turns medially (when foot goes in and ankle goes out)–like supination

Eversion: when sole of foot goes outward (break ankle)–like potenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Elevation VS Depression

A

Jaw: Elevation: close your mouth

Depression: open your mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Protraction VS Retraction

A

Mandible-

Protract: stick it out like an underbite

Retract: pull it in like an overbite

Shoulders-

Protraction: when shoulder blades are away from midline

Retraction: when shoulder blades get moved back toward it (can also use AB Adduction)

17
Q

Protrusion VS Retrusion

A

Protusion: stick it out like underbite

Retrusion: pull jaw back in (overbite)

18
Q

Medial VS Lateral rotation

Internal VS external rotation

A

Actually turn bone of its long axis; only usually on hip and shoulder

Medial: turning TOWARDS midline
Lateral: opposite: away from midline
Different from circumduction bc you are actually rotating the bone at joint on long axis

19
Q

Fascia

A

Connective Tissue important for organization and support of body structures

  • surrounds muscle, bones, organs, nerves
  • Contain blood vessels and tissue receptors- can respond to injury
20
Q

Fascia is divided into…

A

Superficial (subcutaneous) fascia- loose connective tissue

Deep Fascia- Dense connective tissue that helps organize body into muscle compartments

21
Q

Body location and Cell shape/appearance of Skeletal Muscle

A

Attached to bones.

Single, very long, cylindrical, cells with obvious striations (pic)

22
Q

Body location and Cell shape/appearance of Cardiac Muscle

A

Wall of heart.

Branching chains of cells, uni- or binucleated striations

23
Q

Body location and Cell shape/appearance of Smooth Muscle

A

Unitary muscle in walls of hallow organs.

Single, fusiform, uninucleated, no striations

24
Q

Muscles have __ and __

A

Origins- the attachment point that is not moved during the contraction of the muscle (more stationary part)

Insertion- the attachment point that is moved during the contraction of the muscle. This is where the tendon of the muscle will attach to the bone (more movable part)

25
Q

Limbs are organized into muscle compartments by…

A

tough layers of deep fascia and connective tissue

26
Q

Muscles can only move bones that are…

A

that they are attached to.

Muscles with common action are grouped together

27
Q

The ARM has _ and _ compartments

A

Anterior and Posterior

28
Q

the FOREARM has _ and _ compartments

A

Anterior and Posterior (deep and superficial in each)

29
Q

The THIGH has _, _, and _ compartments

A

Anterior, Posterior, and Medial

30
Q

The LEG has _, _. and _ compartments

A

Anterior, Posterior, and Lateral Compartments

Anatomy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions