Introduction to the Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What type of muscle cell pulls on the bones of the skeleton?

A

Skeletal muscle

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2
Q

What type of muscle cell is located only in the heart and pushes blood through the circulatory system?

A

Cardiac muscle

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3
Q

What type of muscle cell pushes fluids and solids along the digestive tract and regulates the diameters of small arteries?

A

Smooth muscle

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4
Q

What type of muscle is striated and voluntary?

A

Skeletal muscle

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5
Q

What type of muscle is not striated and voluntary?

A

Smooth muscle

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5
Q

What type of muscle is striated, involuntary, has a y-shape, and has intercalated discs?

A

Cardiac muscle

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6
Q

Skeletal muscle functions to support, produce what, maintain what, generate what, and storage and movement of what?

A

Movement, posture, heat, and materials

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6
Q

Contractility, excitability, extensibility, and elasticity are the four properties of what muscle?

A

Skeletal muscle

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7
Q

Connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels are included along with skeletal muscle tissue in what type of muscle?

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

In muscle, a bundle of what makes what, which then bundled will make what?

A

Muscle fibers, fascicle, and muscle

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9
Q

What is a sheet of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscles, as well as groups of muscles with the same action?

A

Deep fascia

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10
Q

What surrounds “individual” muscles, separating individual muscles?

A

Epimysium

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11
Q

What surrounds the muscle fibers within a fascicle?

A

Endomysium

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11
Q

What surrounds each fascicle and divides skeletal muscle into compartments?

A

Perimysium

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11
Q

What fascicle orientation has fascicles that run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, tapered at both ends, strap, and has a high endurance but isn’t very strong?

A

Parallel

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12
Q

What fascicle orientation is a sphincter, closes when they contract, and surrounds external body openings?

A

Circular

13
Q

What fascicle orientation’s direction of pull can be changed because different groups of fibers can be activated with a broad origin and narrow insertion?

A

Convergent

14
Q

What fascicle orientation has short fascicles, attach obliquely to a tendon or raphe, and stronger than a parallel fascicle of the same size?

A

Pennate

15
Q

What is an example of unipennate?

A

Extensor digitorum longus

16
Q

What is an example of bipennate?

A

Rectus femoris

16
Q

What is an example of multipennate?

A

Deltoid

17
Q

When muscle is attached to bone indirectly, what are the two ways it can be attached by?

A

Tendon and aponeurosis

18
Q

Are muscles in a single compartment normally innervated by one nerve or multiple?

A

One nerve

19
Q

Muscles in the same compartment tend to be what, which is that they do the same action?

A

Synergistic

20
Q

Muscles in opposite compartments tend to be what?

A

Antagonistic

21
Q

Acute compartment syndrome is from what or what, which can lead to tissue loss due to loss of blood supply?

A

Injury or accident

22
Q

Chronic compartment syndrome is caused by what?

A

Overuse

23
Q

When damaged muscle swells, the surrounding fascia constricts that puts pressure (pain) on the vessels and nerves and also prevents blood from entering or draining. What is this called?

A

Compartment syndrome

24
Q

Action, number or origins/heads, location of attachments, location of muscle, shape, relative size, and direction of fascicles and fibers is the ways to name what?

A

Muscles