Axial Muscles Flashcards
What are the six muscles of facial expression?
Zygomaticus major, orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, depressor anguli oris, frontalis, and buccinator
What is the smile muscle?
Zygomaticus major
What two muscles are sphincter/circular muscles?
Orbicularis oculi and oris
What is the frowning muscle?
Depressor anguli oris
What muscle closes the eyelids and attaches to the skin around the eyes and within the skin of face?
Orbicularis oculi
What muscle closes the lips and attaches to the skin around the mouth and within the skin of the face?
Orbicularis oris
What are the three muscles of mastification?
Temporalis, masseter, and pterygoids
What muscle raises the eyebrow and attaches to the skin of the forehead and within the skin of the face?
Frontalis
What muscle elevates the angle of the mouth and and attaches at the angle of mouth and anterior zygomatic bone?
Zygomaticus major
What muscle tightens the cheeks and holds food for the teeth while chewing with attachments of the mandible/maxilla and within skin of face?
Buccinator
What muscle depresses the angle of the mouth and attaches to the angle of mouth and mandible?
Depressor anguli oris
What muscle elevates and retracts the mandible with attachments at the lateral cranium and coronoid process of mandible?
Temporalis
What muscle elevates and protracts the mandible and functions to side to side grinding with the sphenoid and mandible as attachments?
Pterygoids
What muscle elevates the mandible and has the mandible and zygomatic arch as attachments?
Masseter
What are the four muscles of the neck and tongue?
Genioglossus, suprahyoid, infrahyoid, and sternocleidomastoid
What two muscles are deep to the masseter?
Pterygoids
What eye muscle depresses and adducts the eye and attaches to the eye and posterior orbit?
Inferior rectus
What eye muscle abducts the eye and attaches to the eye and posterior orbit?
Lateral rectus
What eye muscle depresses and abducts the eye and attaches to the eye and posterior orbit?
Superior oblique
What eye muscle elevates and adducts the eye and attaches to the eye and posterior orbit?
Superior rectus
What eye muscle adducts the eye and attaches to the eye and posterior orbit?
Medial rectus
What eye muscle elevates and adducts the eye and attaches to the eye and medial orbit?
Inferior oblique
What muscle elevates the hyoid with the hyoid, mandible, and temporal bone as attachments?
Suprahyoid muscles
What muscle depresses the hyoid with the hyoid and sternum as attachments?
Infrahyoid
What are the three muscles of respiration?
Diaphragm, external intercostals, and internal intercostals
What muscle is deep to the sternocleidomastoid?
Infrahyoid muscles
What muscle attaches to the mastoid process and clavicle and sternum?
Sternocleidomastoid
What muscle protracts the tongue with the mandible and posterior part of the tongue as attachments?
Genioglossus
The what of the sternocleidomastoid flexes the neck?
Bilateral
The what of the sternocleidomastoid turns the head up and opposite side?
Unilateral
What muscle’s fibers run inferomedially between the ribs?
External intercostals
What muscle deals with forced expiration and attaches to the ribs?
Internal intercostals
What muscle deals with respiration with the inside of the body wall and ribs and central tendon as attachments?
Diaphragm
What muscle’s fibers run superomedially between the ribs?
Internal intercostals
What group of muscles attaches to the pelvis and ribs, vertebrae, and cranium?
Erector spinae
What muscle deals with inspiration and attaches to the ribs?
External intercostals
The what head of the erector spinae muscles laterally flexes the trunk, neck, and head?
Unilateral head
What are the three intrinsic back muscles, also known as the erector spinae muscles?
Spinalis, longissmus, and iliocostalis
What are the four muscles of the abdominal wall?
Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis
What muscle flexes the trunk with pubis and ribs and xiphoid process as attachments?
Rectus abdominis
What is the midline tendon of the rectus abdominis?
Linea alba
The what head of the erector spinae muscles extends the trunk, neck, and head?
Bilateral head
What two muscles flex and rotate the trunk with the lower ribs and pelvis and linea alba as attachments?
External and internal oblique
What muscle compresses abdominal contents with the posterior and anterior body walls as attachments?
Transversus abdominis
The fibers of what abdominal wall muscle run superior/inferior?
Rectus abdominis
The fibers of what abdominal wall muscles run obliquely?
External and internal obliques
What muscle supports pelvis organs with coccyx and ischium and pubis as attachments?
Levator ani
The fibers of what abdominal wall muscle run horizontally?
Transversus abdominis
What is a protrusion of the abdominal viscera through a weakened part in the abdominal wall?
Hernia
What are the two most common places for a hernia to occur?
Femur and inguinal
Where does an inguinal hernia occur, where the spermatic cord travels?
Inguinal canal
What are the two muscles of the pelvis?
Levator ani and coccygeus
What muscle supports pelvis organs with the sacrum, coccyx, and ischium as attachments?
Coccygeus
