Introduction to microscopic anatomy Flashcards
What is histology?
the microscopic inspection of tissues
what formula is used to fix tissue samples in?
Formalin (formaldehyde and water)
What does processing involve?
Processing into a wax block - aids fixation.
Add alcohol to remove water.
Then add Xylene to remove the alcohol.
Then add paraffin to remove the xylene.
What happens after processing?
embedding
What does a microtome do?
makes slices
The microtome cutting comes out crinkly sooo…what do you do?
Put it in hot water, and then place on a slide
What colour is eosin stain?
Red/pink
What colour is haemotoxilin stain?
purple
What does haemotoxillin stain?
the nucleus
What does Eosin stain?
cytoplasm
Fat is removed in processing but what do we see on the slides?
the membranes of the fat cells
What is Immunohistchemistry?
way to detect proteins on or in cells
How does Immunohistochemistry work?
An antibody is made against the protein (Antigen) you’re interested in
What colour is the antibody dyed used in immunohistochemistry?
brown
What happens if a protein is present in Immunochemistry?
The slide goes brown.
If not it remains blue (background stain)
What is a tissue?
a group of cells which are specialised to perform a particular function
What is an organ?
an assembly of tissue for a specific function
Epithelium tissue can be…
squamous or glandular
What is epithelium?
Any cell which covers a surface which are anchored to a basement membrane
Epithelium originates from which germ cell layers?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
Squamous looks like….
fish
Columnar cells have their nuclei where?
towards the basement membrane
Mesothelium originates from which germ cells?
The mesoderm
Mesothelium is made of which cells?
squamous epithelium
What does stratified epithelium mean?
lots of layers on top of each other
what is the basement membrane made of?
collagen
what is cytokeratin?
a protein which produces the internal scaffolding to epithelial cells
