Introduction to Meningitis

Question 1

Best test for meningitis

Answer 1

LP

Question 2

What types of viruses are most often associated with meningitis?

Answer 2

enteroviruses

Question 3

What types of viruses are enteroviruses?

Answer 3

RNA viruses

Question 4

What are the 3 big bacteria in meningitis?

Answer 4

Neisseria meningitidis (young people)
Streptococcus pneumonia (adults)
HIB

Question 5

N. meningitidis gram

Answer 5

Gram -

diplococcus

Question 6

S. pneumonia gram

Answer 6

Gram +
diplococci
lancet shape

Question 7

HIB gram

Answer 7

Gram -

coccoid rod

Question 8

TORCH infections

Answer 8

most common in perinatal infections

Question 9

Group B strep and pregnancy relation

Answer 9

moms screened in 3rd trimester, may have vertical transmission to infant

Question 10

E. coli K1 strain gram

Answer 10

Gram -

rod

Question 11

LPS is found in what class of organisms

Answer 11

Gram -

Question 12

What type of stain do you use to find micobacterium

Answer 12

acid fast

Question 13

What organisms might be associated with disseminated lung infections?

Answer 13

Tb, Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 14

Characteristics of nonseptic meningitis syndrome

Answer 14

fever, headache, photophobia

Question 15

What does LP of nonseptic meningitis look like?

Answer 15

elevated lymphocytes and monocytes, slight increase in protein

Question 16

In what population is N. meningitidis most common?

Answer 16

young people

Question 17

In what population is S. pneumonia most common?

Answer 17

adults

Question 18

Lipooligosaccharide

Answer 18

from N. meningitidis
mimics sphingolipids--recognized as self
activates NO, hypotension and shock
IL-1 release, fever
can activate disseminated intravascular coagulation ==> prurutic rash

Question 19

What organism spreads through dorms?

Answer 19

N. meningitidis

Question 20

N. meningitidis definitive Tx

Answer 20

ceftriaxone

Question 21

This organism may cause subsequent hearing loss

Answer 21

HiB