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Health Psychology > Introduction to Health Psychology > Flashcards

Introduction to Health Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Health psychology

A

Influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill and how they respond

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2
Q

WHO definition of health

A

Complete state of physical, mental and social well being. Not just the absence of illness

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3
Q

Wellness

A

Optimum state of health

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4
Q

Etiology

A

Origins or causes of illness

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5
Q

4 goals of health psych

A

Health promotion and maintenance
Prevention and treatment of illness
Etiology and correlates of health and illness
Impact of institutions and health professionals

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6
Q

Trephination

A

Drilling holes in skull to release spirits

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7
Q

Who were the first to see the role of bodily function in health and illness?

A

Greeks

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8
Q

Humoral Theory

A

Disease arises when 4 circulatory fluids are out of balance

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9
Q

4 humoral fluids

A

Black bile
Yellow bile
Blood
Phlegm

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10
Q

Who proposed humoral theory

A

Hippocrates

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11
Q

Who governed medical knowledge in the middle ages

A

Church

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12
Q

What was the proposed cause of illness in the middle ages

A

God’s punishment

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13
Q

Who proposed mind- body dualism

A

Descartes

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14
Q

Psychoanalytic theory

A

Unconscious conflicts produce physical disturbances

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15
Q

Conversion hysteria

A

Convert conflict to symptoms through the voluntary nervous system so you become free of the anxiety it would normally produce

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16
Q

Dunbar and Alexander

A

Conflicts produce anxiety which becomes unconscious and takes a physical toll on body via the automatic nervous system

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17
Q

Psychosomatic Medicine

A

Bodily disorders caused by emotional conflicts

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18
Q

Eastern view of health

A

Illness is disharmony between body’s systems. Must restore balance

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19
Q

Biomedical model

A

All illness can be explained by somatic processes

20
Q

6 assumptions of biomedical model

A

Mental and social factors are independent of disease
Reductionist
Single factor
Mind and body are separate
Focus on illness over health
Cant explain why somatic conditions dont inevitably lead to illness

21
Q

Reductionist

A

Reduces illness to low level processes

22
Q

Biopsychosocial model

A

Considers both micro and macro levels

23
Q

Systems Theory

A

All system levels are linked hierarchically and a change in one level can evoke changes in other levels

24
Q

3 implications for biopsychosocial clinical practice

A

Diagnosis involves biological, psychological and social
Treatment must involve all 3 factors
Patient/ practitioner relationship is important

25
Q

Acute disorders

A

Short term illness from virus or bacteria that are hard to cure

26
Q

What are the 3 leading causes of death today

A

Heart disease
Cancer
Stroke

27
Q

Epidemiology

A

Frequency, distribution and causes of diseases in a population

28
Q

Morbidity

A

Number of existing cases at a given point in time

29
Q

Incidence

A

Number of new cases

30
Q

Prevelence

A

Total number of existing cases

31
Q

Mortality

A

Number of deaths due to a particular cause

32
Q

Lalonde Report

A

Changing lifestyle and social environments will better impact health than changing healthcare

33
Q

4 components of the Lalonde report

A

Biology
Environment
Lifestyle
Healthcare organization

34
Q

Epp Report

A

Health promotion approach. Consideration of social factors

35
Q

Health Promotion Perspective

A

Health is a resource linked to goals, learning and growing

36
Q

Health promotion definition of health

A

Capacity of people to adapt, control and respond to challenges and change

37
Q

3 Galen contributions

A

Greek, learned by dissection
Understanding brain and circulatory system
Diseases can be localized to certain parts

38
Q

When did medical knowledge come to a halt

A

Middle ages

39
Q

Who treated the ill in the middle ages

A

Priests

40
Q

Descartes

A

Said the body works like a machine

41
Q

What replaced the humoral theory

A

Cellular pathology

42
Q

Why did mortality rates from acute illness drop?

A

Prevention and lifestyle changes

43
Q

Percentage of cancer deaths that could be prevented by quitting smoking

A

25%

44
Q

Primary intervention

A

Prevent illness before it develops and promote wellness

45
Q

Secondary Intervention

A

Stop or reverse an illness after it develops

46
Q

Tertiary Intervention

A

Facilitates coping with a chronic or terminal illness

Health Psychology (7 decks)

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