Introduction to Evolution

Question 1

7 main theories

Answer 1

1. Theory of Creation
2. Abiogensis
3. Biogenesis
4. Cosmozoic/Interplanatary Hypothesis
5. Natural or Marine (Primeval Soup)
6. Physico-chemical/Coacervate Droplet Theory
7. Evolution Theory

Question 2

The origin of life must be attributed to an agency outside nature called a creator.

Answer 2

Theory of creation

Question 3

People where their origin myth is a battle between 2 rival gods

Answer 3

Tasmanian aborigines

Question 4

The two Gods of the Tasmanian aborigines, one defeated and fell to Tasmania, creating humans before dying

Another cut off the tails from humans

Answer 4

Moinee and Dromerdeener

Question 5

People where their god made them out of dust and placed them in a garden called Eden

Answer 5

Hebrew tribes of the Middle east

Question 6

Name of the tree in the Garden of Eden

Answer 6

The Tree of Life and the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil

Question 7

People who had multiple gods, of which they were created from tree trunks.

The first man Ask and the first woman Embla

Answer 7

Norse peoples of Scandinavia

Question 8

Chief God of the Norse people

Answer 8

Odin

Question 9

Gifts bestowed by the Norse Gods on Ask and Embla

Answer 9

breath of life, consciousness, faces, and the gift of speech

Question 10

Life could arise under the influence of factors in the environment

Answer 10

Spontaneous generation

Question 11

People with Abiogenesis hypotheses (2)

Answer 11

Aristotle - Vital force in the elements transform matter to a living form

Van Helmont - 21 days of wheat grains on a dirty shirt. Human sweat covering wheat grains into mice.

Question 12

Conducted experiment to disprove abiogenesis

Answer 12

Francesco Redi

Question 13

Every living thing is offspring of other living things

Answer 13

Biogenesis

Question 14

Biogenesis was first proven by this person.
He also believed that organisms not visible to the naked eye are present in the air.

Answer 14

Louis Pasteur

Question 15

States that the universe started from a fireball and had been exapnding and cooling since 10-20 billion years ago

Answer 15

Cosmozoic or Interplanetary

Question 16

Cosmozoic and Interplanetary was proposed by

Answer 16

Richter and Arrhenius

Question 17

A primordial debris model was created by ___ and ___

Answer 17

Fred Ciesla
Scott Sanford

Question 18

Primordial debris is made out of (3)

Answer 18

frozen water
ammonia
carbon dioxide

Question 19

According to cosmozoic theory, it is what broke molecular bonds and could have produced organic molecules such as amino acids, amphiphiles and nucleobases

Answer 19

High-energy UV radiation

Question 20

People who theorized the physico-chemical theory

Answer 20

Oparin and Haldane

Question 21

Chemical evolution under the physico-chemical theory (4)

Answer 21

1. Formation of simple organic compounds
2. Formation of complex organic compounds
3. Formation of molecular aggregates (Coacervates)
4. Formation of first primitive living cell

Question 22

According to the physico-chemical theory, the primitive inorganic molecules of the earth interacted to form which simple organic compounds (5)

Answer 22

simple sugars
fatty acids
glycerol
amino acids
nitrogen bases

Question 23

Simple sugars combined form complex ___

Answer 23

polysaccharides (starch, cellulose)

Question 24

Fatty acids and glycerol molecules combine to form ___.

Answer 24

lipids

Question 25

Amino acids combine forming ___ and ___

Answer 25

polypeptides. proteins

Question 26

___ and ___ combined with simple sugars and phosphates to form ___, which then formed nucleic acids

Answer 26

Purines, pyrimidines, nucleotides

Question 27

Conducted an experiment stimulating the primitive condition of the Earth Discovered amino acids and organic acids were formed

Answer 27

Stanley Miller

Question 28

Theory that states that life did not originate in the surface of the Earth but deep beneath the sea in or around hydrothermal vents

Answer 28

Natural or Marine (primeval soup)

Question 29

DNA sequences showed that the most recent common ancestor of all life was an ___ that lived in extremely high temperatures.

Answer 29

aquatic microorganism

Question 30

Theory that states that organisms alive today are descendants of organisms that lived long ago and have changed and diverged from one another over billions of years.

Answer 30

Evolution

Question 31

Person that established that all species of life have descended over time from a common ancestor

Answer 31

Charles Darwin

Question 32

Evidence of evolution (4)

Answer 32

The fossil record which is composed of physical remains of organisms Geographic distribution of living species which indicates common ancestral species Homologous body structures which implies similar genes Similarities in early development which implies similar genes

Question 33

Is the process that drives evolution

Answer 33

Survival of the fittest

Question 34

Organisms with ___ causes a gradual change in populations

Answer 34

favorable traits

Question 35

Evolution by natural selection is driven by (3)

Answer 35

competition for resources like food habitat mates