Evidences of Evolution

Question 1

Remains of organisms that lived long ago

Answer 1

Fossils

Question 2

Preserved fossils are mostly found in

Answer 2

sedimentary rocks

Question 3

Fossil records tell us that

Answer 3

species are not immutable.

Question 4

Order of Horses

Answer 4

Eohippus
Miohippus
Merychippus
Pilohippus
Equus

Question 5

A record of the life forms and geological events in Earth’s history.

Answer 5

Geological time scale

Question 6

The earth is about how old?

Answer 6

4.5 billion

Question 7

Earliest known cells are found in?

Answer 7

3.5 billion year old rocks

Question 8

Earliest eukaryotic cells date

Answer 8

1.5 billion years

Question 9

Earliest multicellular animals date

Answer 9

650 million years

Question 10

Earliest land animals

Answer 10

450 million years

Question 11

Earliest mammals

Answer 11

230 million years

Question 12

Mass extinction

Answer 12

65 my

Question 13

Human family tree diverged

Answer 13

4.5 million years

Question 14

Order of geological records

Answer 14

❑ the earth is about 4.5 billion years old,
❑ the earliest known cells are found in 3.5 billion year old rocks
❑ the earliest known eukaryotic cells date to 1.5 billion years
❑ the earliest multicellular animals date to 650 million years
❑ the earliest land animals date to about 450 million years
❑ the earliest mammals date to about 230 million years
❑ 65 m.y. ago there was a mass extinction of many living things
❑ the human family tree diverged from the other apes about 4.5
million years ago

Question 15

Eukaryotes -> First hominids

Answer 15

Eukaryotes
Vertebrates
Colonization of land
Amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals and Dinosaurs
Flowering plants and first birds
Extinction of dinosaurs
First hominids

Question 16

Eras (3)

Answer 16

Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Paleozoic

Question 17

Period (11)

Answer 17

Quarternary - modern mammals
Tertiary - birds and mamals

Cretaceous - flowering plants bye of big reptiles
Jurassic - reptiles dominate everywhere, archaic mammals
Triassic - first dinosaurs, conifers

Permian - Reptiles replace amphibians
Carboniferous - Ferns dominate, sharks and crinoids abundant, amphibians radiation, reptiles
Devonian - Fishes, trees, amphivians
Silurian - plants and arthropods, jawless vertebrates
Ordovician - appearance of vertebrates
Cambrian - invertebrates

Question 18

study of the distribution of plants and animals

Answer 18

Biogeography

Question 19

divided the world into six biogeographical regions delineated by impassable barriers.

Answer 19

Philip Sclater

Question 20

the study of the historical
processes that may be
responsible for the past to
present geographic
distributions of
genealogical lineages.

Answer 20

Phylogeography

Question 21

proposed the theory of continental drift in

Answer 21

Alfred Wegner

Question 22

a
supporting dorsal rod in all
vertebrates

Answer 22

notochord

Question 23

Example of homologous structures

Answer 23

Mammalian forelimbs

Question 24

these are structures
that serve a similar function, but are not
derived from a common ancestor.

Answer 24

Analogous structures

Question 25

structures that are underdeveloped and
seemingly useless, but may be fully developed and function in
related organisms.

Answer 25

Vestigial structures

Question 26

Almost all living organisms use the same basic biochemistry
molecules including DNA, ATP and many identical enzymes.

Answer 26

COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 27

powerful tool for estimating the
dates of lineage-splitting events.

Answer 27

MOLECULAR CLOCKS

Question 28

refers to evolution above the species level

Answer 28

MACROEVOLUTION

Question 29

describes when single ancestor
gives rise to a number of new species

Answer 29

adaptive radiation

Question 30

refers to gradual changes in a single
lineage

Answer 30

phyletic evolution

Question 31

It occurs when a single lineage splits to give new forms.
- The adaptive radiation of Darwin’s finches is an example
of divergent evolution.

Answer 31

Divergent evolution

Question 32

describes evolution towards similar traits in unrelated species.

Answer 32

Convergent evolution

Question 33

After they diverge from a
common ancestor, these
organisms continue to
resemble one another
because they have been
subjected to the same
adaptive pressures.

Answer 33

Parallel evolution

Question 34

Two unrelated groups are selective agents for each other.

Answer 34

Coevolution