Introduction to Enzymes Flashcards
What is Lipase?
An Enzymes the helps digest Fats
What is Amalayse?
An Enzyme found in saliva that helps change starch in to fat
What is Lactase?
An Enzyme that helps to degest Lactose, a sugar found in Milk and other dairy products
What type of Biomolecule is an Enzyme?
Protein
Do Enzymes speed up or slow down chemical reactions?
Speed up
What three letters do most Enzymes end in?
ASE
What is one example of an enzyme?
Lipase
Are Enzymes specific to a certain substrate?
Yes
What does it mean for an Enzyme to be “Substrate Specific”?
Substrates and Enzymes don’t bind together
What are the three main parts of the Enzyme Substrate Complex?
The Enzyme, The Substrate, The Active Site
What is an Enzyme?
A specialized protein that acts as a catalyst to accelarate chemical reactions
What is a Substrate?
The substance and Enzyme acts/binds on to
What is an Active Site?
The area of an Enzyme where the substance binds to the Enzyme
What is an Enzyme-Substrate Cmplex?
Once and Enzyme and Substrate bind together, it is known as an Enzyme-Substrate Complex
What is a Product?
After the Enzyme is done catalyzing a reaction, a product is released/produced (or products)
What is the function of a Substrate?
The substance and Enzyme acts/binds on to
What is the name of the area to which the Substrate binds on to the Enzyme?
Active Site
After a reaction occurs, what is released?
A product(s)
What can Enzyme activity be affected by?
Temperture, pH (how acidic or basic), Ionic Concentration, Inhibitors
Temperature?
Increasing (hot) temperatures generally speeds up a reaction and decreasing (cold) temperatures slows down a reaction. However, extreme (too high) temperatures can cause an Enzyme to denature (lose its shape) and stop working
pH?
Enzyme activity is at its maximum value at the optimum pH. As the value is increased above or decreased below the optimum pH the Enzyme activity decreases
What does the word OPTIMAL mean?
Best
How does a competitive inhibitor affect Enzyme activity?
If the active site is blocked the substrate can’t bind
What happens to an Enzyme when a non-competitive inhibitor attaches to it?
Changes Substrate shape
