Ecology Flashcards
A group of female lions hunting together.
Population.
The male lion slept under the umbrella tree.
Organism.
Lions, Zebra, and Impala roam the plains of the Serengeti. They lay among the grass, and drink from the watering holes. Umbrella trees provide shade from the hot sun.
Community.
A scientist observed the Zebra and Impalas eating grass.
Ecosystem.
What are the levels of organization from smallest to biggest?
Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere.
How much energy would be available at the secondary consumer level?
1000KG.
How much energy would be available at the tertiary consumer level?
10000KG.
How much energy would be available at the producer level?
10KG.
The cattle-egret is a bird that walks among cattle. When the cattle walk or move, insects are disturbed, and fly up, allowing the bird easier access to its food resource. The cattle are unaffected, while the bird depends on the cattle for food.
Commensalism.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in the roots of certain species of plants. These bacteria convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form the plant can use. The plants provides the bacteria a place to live and access to carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis.
Mutualism.
A mountain lion stalks and kills a deer.
Predation.
A spider uses a tree to build its web. The tree is not impacted, the spider is able to build shelter for safety.
Commensalism.
Head lice feed on the blood of scalp tissue. The host human feels itchiness in their hair as the lice bites and moves around.
Parasitism.
When a fruit bat eats fruit, it eats the seeds as well. The bat gains nourishment from the fruit, the seeds are dispersed through the bats droppings.
Mutualism.
What is an Abiotic Factor?
The NON-living parts of the environment.
What is a Biotic Factor?
The LIVING parts of the environment.
What is Symbiosis?
Any type of close and long-term relationship between two different organisms.
What is Mutualism?
A relationship in which BOTH species involved benefit.
What is Commensalism?
A relationship in which one species benefits, and the other species is not harmed, it simply is unaffected.
What is Parasitism?
A relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is harmed.
What is a Consumer?
Organisms that have to “consume/eat” nutrients in order to survive, also known as heterotrophs. Animals are consumers.
What is a Producer?
Organisms that “produce/make” their own food, also known as autotrophs. Plants are producers.
What is the 10% rule?
A law of energy flow that states when the energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, only 10% passed to the next level.
What answer best describes a population?
A group of antelope running.
Based on the energy flow between trophic levels in an energy pyramid, how much energy would be expected to be found at the secondary consumer level in this pyramid?
100 Joules.
What type of symbiotic relationship is characterized by one species benefitting and the other being harmed?
Parasitism.
The oak mistletoe is a green leafy plant that grows on trees and had white berries. Mistletoes seedlings grow into the tree they inhabit to obtain nutrients and water. What answer would correctly identify the mistletoe and the tree it grows on?
Parasitism.
The sunfish is a large, flat fish that spends most of its time in deep water feeding mainly on jelly fish. Sunfish often have many copepods, small crustaceans, that bury their heads into the soft tissue of the sunfish. Sunfish will swim to the surface of the water and lay sideways, allowing seabirds to eat the copepods from their skin. What list would best describe the type of relationship the sunfish has with other marine organisms?
Seabirds: Mutualism
Jelly fish: Predation
Copepods: Parasitism
