Introduction to body Function Flashcards
What is Homeostasis?
Maintenance of the temperature, volume, and composition
of body fluids
What are features we share with other animals?
-Interaction with the environment
-Detect and respond to environmental change
-Absorb nutrients and oxygen from the environment
-Excrete carbon dioxide and other wastes into the environment.
What is the distribution center?
Way of getting nutrients & O2 to all cells.
It also collects waste and transports it to organs of elimination.
All processes are governed by?
Chemical & Physical laws.
What are features humans have?
Body Temperature
Thermoregulators
Endothermy
Homeostasis.
What is endothermy?
The use of heat generated by metabolism.
(Generation of body heat).
Conditions that are maintained in the internal body fluid?
Temperature.
Volume.
Composition.
Total body water:
All internal body fluids.
It is 60% of the body weight.
Extracellular fluid (ECF):
1/3 of TBW. (20)
This is the fluid outside the cell.
It is composed of plasma and interstitial fluid.
Intracelluar Fluid (ICF):
The fluid inside the cell
2/3 of TBW (40)
Plasma:
ECF within the cardiovascular system.
25% of the ECF.
This contains proteins.
Interstitial fluid:
ECF outside the cardiovascular system.
This does not contain proteins.
75% of the ECF.
What is the Hematocrit?
The percentage by volume of red cells in your blood.
What separates the Plasma and the Interstitial fluid?
The capillary wall.
Blood:
55% plasma.
45% Blood cells.
Osmolarity/ Osmotic concentration:
Total solute concentration.
Typical amounts of solutes are expressed in?
m-osmoles.
What is an osmole?
the number of particles into which a
solute dissociates in solution.
Osmolarity?
Total solute concentration.
Body fluid has an osmolarity of ?
290 m-osm/L
isosmotic:
Two solution with the same osmolarity
Hyperosmotic:
Solution with the higher osmolarity.
Hyposmotic:
Solution with lower osmolarity.
Plasma is made up of?
90% plasma water.
10% plasma protein.
What are osmotically active solutes?
These are polar molecules & Ions, that regulate water movement across membranes.
Can be impermeable or semi-restricted.
Osmotic pressure:
A force that drives water movement between two compartments when the compartment are separated by a semi-permeable membrane.
What determines osmotic pressure?
Osmotically active solutes.
High osmotic pressure means:
There is a low water concentration.
Pull force:
The ability of a solution to draw in water.
Impermeable solutes:
contributes most to osmotic pressure
Semi-permeable to free:
Contributes least to osmotic pressure.
If there is no osmosis, that means?
The two solution have the same osmotic pressure.
Two solutions with the same osmolarity don’t have?
The same osmotic pressure.
Tonicity:
The ability of a solution to change cell volume.
This ability is related to the solution’s osmotic pressure.
Isotonic solution:
No change in cell volume.
Hypertonic solution:
Cell volume decreases, the cell loses water
Hypotonic solution:
Cell volume increases, and cell gain water from the solution.
The human body is both?
Isotonic and Isosmotic.
Isotonic ≠ Isosmotic.
Water would move from ____ pressure to _____ pressure.
Low osmotic pressure to High osmotic pressure.
Change in ECF & ICF in response to water deprivation.
ECF: Loses water, and becomes hyperosmotic. Osmotic pressure increases.
ICF: Water goes ICF to ECF to balance the fluid, and ICF loses Volume. Osmolarity increases ( Hyperosmotic).
In the end, the cell becomes Isotonic (Same osmotic pressure)
