Hemodynamics

Question 1

Vasculature:

Answer 1

All blood vessels.

Blood flows through the vasculature in a circuit.

Question 2

Circuit:

Answer 2

A network of blood vessels that begins and ends at the heart.
The sum of resistance of all vessels in the circuit.

Question 3

Types of vasculature/Circuits:

Answer 3

Pulmonary circuit.

Systemic circuit.

Question 4

Pulmonary Circuits:

Answer 4

Includes blood vessels within the lungs, and those that transport blood between the heart and lungs.

Question 5

Systemic Circuits:

Answer 5

Includes blood vessels within all other organs and those that transport blood between the heart and those organs.

Question 6

Type of blood vessels:

Answer 6

Arteries.

Arterioles.

Capillaries.

Venule.

Veins.

Question 7

Series Flow:

Answer 7

The flow of blood through different blood vessels in sequence.

Question 8

Parallel Flow:

Answer 8

Movement of blood through different organs at the same time.

Question 9

Blood flow:

Answer 9

The rate at which blood moves through the vasculature.

(ml/min).

This measures the efficiency of blood flow to and from the organs.

Question 10

Determinants of blood flow:

Answer 10

Pressure difference & Vascular resistance.

Question 11

The pressure difference (mmHg):

Answer 11

The force that drives blood through the circuits.

Question 12

_____ drives flow through the pulmonary circuit.

Answer 12

The right ventricle.

Question 13

_____ drives flow through the systemic circuits.

Answer 13

The Left ventricle.

Question 14

Pressure at the start of a circuit is _______ than the pressure at the end of a circuit.

Answer 14

HIgher.

Question 15

Pressure difference in the pulmonary circuit:

Answer 15

15 mmHg.

Question 16

Pressure difference in the systemic circuits:

Answer 16

95 mmHg.

Question 17

Vascular resistance:

Answer 17

An impediment to blood flow.

Resistance is a measure of how much friction is encountered by blood as it moves through the vasculature.`

Question 18

Flow (Q) is the same in both:

Answer 18

Pulmonary & Systemic circuits.

Question 19

Resistance is higher in _____:

Answer 19

Systemic circuit.

Question 20

Resistance in a single blood vessel:

Answer 20

Length.
Viscosity.
Radius.

Question 21

Viscosity of blood is affected by:

Answer 21

Hematocrit.

Directly proportional.

Question 22

What increase would increase resistance:

Answer 22

Length & Viscosity.

Question 23

What increase would decrease resistance:

Answer 23

Radius.

Question 24

What increase would increase blood flow:

Answer 24

Radius and pressure difference.

Question 25

What increase would decrease blood flow:

Answer 25

Length and Viscosity.

Question 26

Poiseuille equation for resistance:

Answer 26

The relationship between blood flow, length, radius, and viscosity.

Question 27

Total peripheral resistance or Systemic resistance:

Answer 27

Resistance in a systemic circuit.
19 mmHg/L/min.

Question 28

Pulmonary vascular resistance:

Answer 28

Resistance in the pulmonary circuit.
3 mmHg/L/min.

Question 29

Arterioles in the TPR:

Answer 29

Resistance of the arterioles is the main source of resistance.
It accounts for 60% of resistance in the Systemic circuit.

Question 30

Why is PVR lower than TPR:

Answer 30

The pulmonary circuit is shorter.
The PVR also lacks smooth muscles.

Question 31

Arterioles:

Answer 31

Small arteries that lead into capillaries.