Chemical Signaling Flashcards
Chemical signaling involves:
Two cells.
One cell releases a chemical signal into the ECF and that signal binds to the receptor of the second cell. This binding alters the activity of the second cell in some way.
The cell that releases the chemical signal is called:
The secretory cell.
The cell that can respond to the signal is the:
The target cell.
Paracrine:
Local chemical signals.
Most cells communicate with other cells through chemical signals.
What type cells can engage in chemical signalling:
All cells.
Neurons and endocrine cells are:
Specialized cell types that act as secretory cells.
They are used for long-distance communications.
Neurons:
Reach cells via their axons.
They release neurotransmitters.
Each neuron affects a small number of target cells.
What produces acetylcholine:
Somatic motor neurons.
Endocrine cells:
Take advantage of circulation, and can reach every cell.
They release hormones.
What cells combine the characteristics of neurons and endocrine cells:
Neurosecretory / Neuroendocrine cells.
Neurosecretory cells:
Looks like neurons.
Send out signals through their axon terminal.
The signals are released near blood capillaries, and reach target cells through circulation.
What do neuroendocrine cells release:
Neurohormones.
