Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What is Gross (macroscopic) anatomy?

Answer 1

Large structures that can be seen without a microscope

Question 2

What is Regional anatomy?

Answer 2

All structures in a region examined together.

Question 3

What is Systemic anatomy?

Answer 3

Each individual body system

Question 4

What is Surface anatomy?

Answer 4

Internal structures relation to overlying skin.

Question 5

What is Microscopic anatomy?

Answer 5

Small structures visible only via a microscope

Question 6

What is Cytology?

Answer 6

The study of cells

Question 7

What is Histology?

Answer 7

The study of tissues.

Question 8

What is Developmental anatomy?

Answer 8

how structures change throughout the life span.

Question 9

What is Embryology?

Answer 9

study of developmental changes in an embryo (before birth)

Question 10

What is Pathological anatomy?

Answer 10

disease and the resulting structural changes.

Question 11

What is Radiographic anatomy?

Answer 11

internal structures as seem via medical imaging.

Question 12

What is Molecular anatomy?

Answer 12

structure of biological molecules

Question 13

What is an atom?

Answer 13

the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions.

Question 14

What is a molecule?

Answer 14

two or more atoms joined together.

Question 15

What are some different types of cells in the human body?

Answer 15

muscle cells, nerve cells, and blood cells.

Question 16

What are tissues?

Answer 16

These are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function.

Question 17

What are the 4 main types of tissues in the human body?

Answer 17

1) Epithelial tissue
2) Connective tissue
3) Muscular tissue
4) Nervous tissue

Question 18

How is a tissue formed?

Answer 18

By cells grouping together

Question 19

What are organs made from and what are they for?

Answer 19

They are formed by different types of tissues and have a specific function

Question 20

What are the fundamental survival requirements for the body?

Answer 20

• Nutrients (food)
• Hydration (water)
• Oxygen
• Pressure (gaseous exchange)
• Heat

Question 21

What are the 6 important life processes for living organisms?

Answer 21

1) Metabolism
2) Responsiveness
3) Movement
4) Growth
5) Differentiation
6) Reproduction

Question 22

What is Metabolism?

Answer 22

it is the sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body

Question 23

What is Responsiveness?

Answer 23

It is the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes in its environment.

Question 24

What is Movement?

Answer 24

It includes motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny organelles inside cells.

Question 25

What is Growth?

Answer 25

is an increase in body size. It may be due to an increase in the size of existing cells, the number of cells, or the amount of material surrounding cells.

Question 26

What is Differentiation?

Answer 26

is the process whereby unspecialised cells become specialised cells.

Question 27

What is reproduction?

Answer 27

It is the formation of new cells for growth, repair, or replacement or the production of a new individual.

Question 28

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 28

It is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions; this ensures that the body’s internal environment remains constant despite changes inside and outside the body.

Question 29

What are the 3 main components to a feedback center?

Answer 29

a receptor, a control center, an effector.

Question 30

What is a feedback center?

Answer 30

It is a cycle of events in which a condition in the body is continually monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, or reevaluated.