Introduction and Prenatal development

Question 1

ontogenetic development

Answer 1

development over a lifetime

Question 2

microgenetic development

Answer 2

development over a brief period of time

Question 3

prenatal

Answer 3

conception to birth

Question 4

infancy

Answer 4

birth to 2

Question 5

preschool

Answer 5

2 to 4

Question 6

childhood

Answer 6

5 to 12

Question 7

adolescence

Answer 7

12 to 18

Question 8

young adulthood

Answer 8

18 to 40

Question 9

middle adulthood

Answer 9

40 to 65

Question 10

late adulthood

Answer 10

65+

Question 11

preformationism

Answer 11

miniature people lived in sperm and grew

Question 12

epigenesis

Answer 12

new organs and structures develop through a series of stages

Question 13

germinal stage

Answer 13

conception to 2 weeks
sperm penetrates ovum = zygote
gender determined by male Y chromosome
zygote doubles its cells everyday 
2 weeks - attaches to uterus wall = embryo

Question 14

embryonic stage

Answer 14

2 to 8 weeks
period of rapid growth where key organs develop
inner cell mass = embryo
outer cell mass = amniotic sac and placenta
ectoderm (top layer) = nervous system
mesoderm (middle) = muscles
endoderm (bottom layer) = digestive system
u shaped groove = neural tube (brain and spine)

Question 15

foetus

Answer 15

9 to 38 weeks

growth and development of sexual organs due to presence or absence of androgens

Question 16

prenatal influences

Answer 16

nature - genetic code
nurture - environment (teratogens - drugs, diseases, physical environment)
early on - death or serious impact
later on - functional defecits
small amount of alcohol - hyperactivity in reflexes
large amounts - foetal alcohol syndrome (small head, small eye openings, skin between eyes and nose, flat upper nose)