EWT Flashcards
encoding
how information is stored (affected by prior knowledge, duration and repetition)
retrieval
enhanced/inhibited by motivation, cooperation with questioner and understanding what is important to recall
recognition
ability to identify an event
recall
describing an event
semantic
facts, places, names (general knowledge)
episodic
personal events (episodes)
synergistic ecphory
Tulving (1983) - retrieval cues helping access an event
scripts
generalised event representations
pre-determined template for an event
automatic expectation for slots to be filled
congruity and mismatch
is the script congruent or incongruent (mismatch) with expectation
age and script based knowledge
scripts develop with age
preschoolers more vulnerable - can’t tell between script and a special event
more slots to put detail in with age
enhanced by language development
strategy development
rehearsal, organisation (chunking) and elaboration (meaningful connections)
suggestibility
children’s EWT can be false because:
of lying - changing the truth due to inability to remember
conformity - influenced by social and cognitive factors
strength of memory (affected by age and knowledge) -memory improves repetition
personality - suggestibility could be a trait, as we get older we get less susceptible
children have a mechanism that protects themselves from serious events - can’t remember
source monitoring
ability to identify the cause of beliefs accurately
if affected directly the child will be less susceptible
source monitoring study considerations
retrieval cues - questioning in courtroom
highlighting source of knowledge - where the information has come from, what do they believe
post event misinformation - interviewer misinforms so the child lies to conform
language of questioner
Bower et al (1994)
1-2 years - exposed to a series of events
many novel events were recalled
recall as good as adults when:
there are no leading questions
free recall is used
told to only report what they’re confident about
