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Microbiology 3 > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

exam 3

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

clostridium dificile shape?

A

Rod-shaped

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2
Q

clostridium dificile is gram positive or negative?

A

positive

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3
Q

clostridium dificile is a strict _______

A

anaerobe

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4
Q

clostridium dificile synthesizes two large toxin proteins ____ and ____ that disrupt the _______________

A

clostridium dificile synthesizes two large toxin proteins TcdA and TcdB that disrupt the intestinal epithelium

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5
Q

clostridium dificile is _____- forming

A

spore

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6
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes:

Nuclear membrane

A

Prokaryotes: No

Eukaryotes: Yes

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7
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes:

Membrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryotes: No

Eukaryotes: Yes

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8
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes:

Endocytosis

A

Prokaryotes: No Eukaryotes: Yes

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9
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes:

Volume

A

Prokaryotes: 1 um3
Eukaryotes: 1000 um3

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10
Q

Spore forming pathogens:

pseudomembranous colitis

A

clostridium difficile

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11
Q

Spore forming pathogens:

botulism

A

clostridium botulinum

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12
Q

Spore forming pathogens:

tetanus

A

clostridium tetani

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13
Q

Spore forming pathogens:

anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

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14
Q

Spore forming pathogens:

Food poisoning

A

Bacillus cereus

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15
Q

spastic paralysis

A

tetanus

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16
Q

flaccid paralysis

A

botulism

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17
Q

the _____ water count of spores allows them to survive harsh environmental conditions

A

Low

18
Q

sporulation is triggered by

A

nutritional limitation

19
Q

terminal electron acceptor for respiration= oxygen

A

strict aerobes

20
Q

Terminal electron acceptor for respiration= organic molecule

A

Strict anaerobes

21
Q

some bacteria satisfy all of their energy needs by synthesizing ATP through the enzymatic reactions of glycolysis

A

fermentation

22
Q

bcteria generate additional ATP through an electron transport chain and membrane-bound ATP synthase

A

Respiration

23
Q

bacteria that have no requirements for organic compounds other than a simple carbon source

A

prototrophs

24
Q

bacteria that have more complex nutritional requirments, typically requiring amino acids and/or vitamins and/or pyrimidines and/or purines

A

Auxotrophs

25
Q

C.Difficile is a natural

A

auxotroph

26
Q

bacteria are

A

prokaryotes

27
Q

Human pathogen, causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

28
Q

Thick layer of peptidoglycan, has a bi-layer

A

Gram positive

29
Q

thin peptidoglycan, contains endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide with one layer

A

Gram negative

30
Q

what is one way that bacteria can fight anti-biotics?

A

their cell envelope

31
Q

purple stain

A

gram positive

32
Q

pink stain

A

gram negative

33
Q

polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short chains of amino acids

A

peptidoglycan

34
Q

D-ALA D-ALA

A

penicilllin

35
Q

prevents the cross link being formed

A

Penicillin

36
Q

pencillin only kills

A

growing cells

37
Q

bacteria grow by

A

binary fission

38
Q

Can bacteria grow fast?

A

Yes!!! and spread fast!

39
Q

poor carbon source

A

poor medium

40
Q

How does C. difficile, a strict anaerobe,

get transmitted from one person to another?

A

Spores

41
Q

Why are there outbreaks of C. difficile
infection in hospitals or long-term care
facilities?

A

Spores and antibiotic use

Microbiology 3 (6 decks)

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