Intro- Year 3 Flashcards
What are helminths?
What are the different types of helminths?
What are protozoa?
What are arthropods?
Helminth- worm
nematode (round worm), platyhelminth (cestodes and flukes)
Protozoa- single-celled organisms
Arthropods- arachnids, insects
What are the general features of nematodes?
What are the male repro organs?
What are the female repro organs?
- Round worms
- Cylindrical
- Radial symmetry
- Both free-living and parasitic stages
Male- testis, vas deferens, cloaca
Female- ovary, uterus, vulva
What are the organs of the nematode digestive system?
How can female and male nematodes be separated generally?
Digestive system- buccal cavity, oesophagus, intestine, anus
Females are generally larger- females have eggs in the uterus, males have decorated tails
Can you name parasites 1-6?
What are the two platyhelminths of importance?
Trematodes- flukes
Cestodes- tapeworms
What are the general characteristics of trematodes and cestodes?
Trematodes
- Indirect life-cycle
- Dorso-ventrally flattened
- Hermaphrodite
- No body-cavity- gut embedded within the parenchyma
- Outer layer- tegument
Cestodes
- Segmented
- No gut
- Always parasitic
- Indirect life cycles
- Stage in intermediate host- metacestode
- Hermaphrodite- male and female repro organs
- Outer layer- tegument
How can protozoa reproduce?
How can protozoa locomote?
Sexually- syngamy
gametes fuse to form a zygote (oocysts)
Asexual
binary fission, schizogony
Locomotion-
Gliding- tachyzoites
Flagella- trypanosomes
What is the feeding stage of protozoa?
How are protozoa transmitted?
Trophozoite- feeding stage
Transmission
- Direct- resistant cysts, active protoza
- Indirect- resistant cysts
- Vector-borne- mosquitoes, ticks
- Mechanical
What does the term ‘dioecious’ mean?
Dioecious- separate males and females
