Intro WBC I, Putthoff, lec Flashcards
What mediators help convert common myeloid to the RBC/platelet/basophil precursor
thrombopoietin, IL-11
IL5 transforms common myeloid progenitor into what
eosinophil
GM-CSF transforms common myeloid progenitor into what
neutrophil and monocyte
what are the factors that work on a stem cell
SCF, IL6 and Flt3L
where is the main site blood formation shortly until birth
in the liver
where is hematopoeitcally active tissue in adult
BM of axial skel
What are the 3 basic types of peripheral blood WBC
granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes
what are granulocyates
eos, neutrophils and basophils
when need more platelets how much can body increase production by
10 fold
life span of circulatin platelets
7-10 days
where do platelets come from
fragments of megakaryocytes
what are the RBC precursor cells
proerythroblast basophilic erythroblast polychromatophilic erythroblast normoblast nucleated red cell
what regulates RBC production
EPO
where is EPO made
peritubular capillary lining cells of kidney and some in liver
how is EPO secretion regulate
pO2
how long does it take to produce RBC from origin in marrow to peripheral blood
4 days
what is a reticulocyte
immature RBC, larger
how long do reticulocytes circulate
2-3 days before remnants of ER extruded
when are RBC removed form circulation
~120 days
where are RBC removed
red pulp of spleen bye specific macrophages
when a monocyte exits intravascular space and into tissue what occurs
becomes macrophage
what are the precursor cells for granulocytes
myeloblast, promeylocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, juvenile granulocyte
what is the earliest form of granulocyte that can be seen in peripheral blood normally
metamyelocyte
what does an immature neutrophil look like
band, horseshoe nucleus
what does a mature neturophil look like
2-5 lobes
eos have how many lobes of nucleus
2
what is lifespan of a B cell? T cell?
B cell is hours to days
T cell is days to yearts
majority circulating lymphocytes are what
T cells
how many units of whole blood are in human body? liters?
10 units
5 liters
what is in plasma after centrifuge
water, blood proteins, nutrients
what is in buffy coat after centrifuge
WBC and platelets
majority of plasma is what
water
what is serum
plasma without clotting factors and fibrinogen
what is blue top and purple top used for
plasma with anticoagulant to prevent clotting
what is green top used for
has heparin to prevent formation of fibrin by inhibiting thrombin
what are the common causes of neutropenia
drug toxicity, other an bone marrow changes
what is consequence of agranulocytosis/neutropenia
recurrent infections
ulcerations of gingiva and floor of mouth (oral cavity)
what can cause chronic non specific lymphadenitis
follicular hyperplasia, paracortical hyperplasia
sinus histiocytosis
what is hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
familial
macropahges are activated and phagocytize everything
what cells respond to viral infections
lymphocytes and monocluear cells
CD8 T cells
what cells respond to parasitic infections
eos and mononuclear
what cells respond to fungal infections
grnaulomas
what cells respond to acute inflammation? chronic?
acute- granulocytes
chronic- mononuclear
what cells respond to autoimmune processes
mononuclear
what cells respond to bacterial infection
granulocytes
neutrophils
what are the solid tumors
carcinomas from squamous epithelium(small cell) or glandular cells (adenocarcionma)
sarcoas (mesenchymal stromal origin)
at what size do solid tumors need vasularization
1-2 mm
absolute criterion for malignancy
metastasis
what are terms for benign smooth and striated tumors
leiomyoma- smooth
rhabdomyoma- striated
