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Year 2 Heme lymph > Intro WBC I, Putthoff, lec > Flashcards

Intro WBC I, Putthoff, lec Flashcards

1
Q

What mediators help convert common myeloid to the RBC/platelet/basophil precursor

A

thrombopoietin, IL-11

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2
Q

IL5 transforms common myeloid progenitor into what

A

eosinophil

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3
Q

GM-CSF transforms common myeloid progenitor into what

A

neutrophil and monocyte

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4
Q

what are the factors that work on a stem cell

A

SCF, IL6 and Flt3L

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5
Q

where is the main site blood formation shortly until birth

A

in the liver

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6
Q

where is hematopoeitcally active tissue in adult

A

BM of axial skel

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7
Q

What are the 3 basic types of peripheral blood WBC

A

granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes

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8
Q

what are granulocyates

A

eos, neutrophils and basophils

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9
Q

when need more platelets how much can body increase production by

A

10 fold

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10
Q

life span of circulatin platelets

A

7-10 days

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11
Q

where do platelets come from

A

fragments of megakaryocytes

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12
Q

what are the RBC precursor cells

A 
proerythroblast
basophilic erythroblast
polychromatophilic erythroblast
normoblast
nucleated red cell
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13
Q

what regulates RBC production

A

EPO

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14
Q

where is EPO made

A

peritubular capillary lining cells of kidney and some in liver

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15
Q

how is EPO secretion regulate

A

pO2

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16
Q

how long does it take to produce RBC from origin in marrow to peripheral blood

A

4 days

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17
Q

what is a reticulocyte

A

immature RBC, larger

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18
Q

how long do reticulocytes circulate

A

2-3 days before remnants of ER extruded

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19
Q

when are RBC removed form circulation

A

~120 days

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20
Q

where are RBC removed

A

red pulp of spleen bye specific macrophages

21
Q

when a monocyte exits intravascular space and into tissue what occurs

A

becomes macrophage

22
Q

what are the precursor cells for granulocytes

A

myeloblast, promeylocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, juvenile granulocyte

23
Q

what is the earliest form of granulocyte that can be seen in peripheral blood normally

A

metamyelocyte

24
Q

what does an immature neutrophil look like

A

band, horseshoe nucleus

25
Q

what does a mature neturophil look like

A

2-5 lobes

26
Q

eos have how many lobes of nucleus

A

2

27
Q

what is lifespan of a B cell? T cell?

A

B cell is hours to days

T cell is days to yearts

28
Q

majority circulating lymphocytes are what

A

T cells

29
Q

how many units of whole blood are in human body? liters?

A

10 units

5 liters

30
Q

what is in plasma after centrifuge

A

water, blood proteins, nutrients

31
Q

what is in buffy coat after centrifuge

A

WBC and platelets

32
Q

majority of plasma is what

A

water

33
Q

what is serum

A

plasma without clotting factors and fibrinogen

34
Q

what is blue top and purple top used for

A

plasma with anticoagulant to prevent clotting

35
Q

what is green top used for

A

has heparin to prevent formation of fibrin by inhibiting thrombin

36
Q

what are the common causes of neutropenia

A

drug toxicity, other an bone marrow changes

37
Q

what is consequence of agranulocytosis/neutropenia

A

recurrent infections

ulcerations of gingiva and floor of mouth (oral cavity)

38
Q

what can cause chronic non specific lymphadenitis

A

follicular hyperplasia, paracortical hyperplasia

sinus histiocytosis

39
Q

what is hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

A

familial

macropahges are activated and phagocytize everything

40
Q

what cells respond to viral infections

A

lymphocytes and monocluear cells

CD8 T cells

41
Q

what cells respond to parasitic infections

A

eos and mononuclear

42
Q

what cells respond to fungal infections

A

grnaulomas

43
Q

what cells respond to acute inflammation? chronic?

A

acute- granulocytes

chronic- mononuclear

44
Q

what cells respond to autoimmune processes

A

mononuclear

45
Q

what cells respond to bacterial infection

A

granulocytes

neutrophils

46
Q

what are the solid tumors

A

carcinomas from squamous epithelium(small cell) or glandular cells (adenocarcionma)
sarcoas (mesenchymal stromal origin)

47
Q

at what size do solid tumors need vasularization

A

1-2 mm

48
Q

absolute criterion for malignancy

A

metastasis

49
Q

what are terms for benign smooth and striated tumors

A

leiomyoma- smooth

rhabdomyoma- striated

Year 2 Heme lymph (28 decks)

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