Intro to therapeutic exercise

Question 1

What are the goals of therapeutic exercise?

Answer 1

Development, improvement, restoration, or maintenance of normal/functional:

1. muscular strength and endurance
2. mobility and flexibility- prevent contractures, decrease muscle tone, prevent injury
3. Cardiovascular fitness/endurance
4. Coordination, skill, balance, functional ability
5. stability
6. relaxation

Question 2

What are examples of soft tissue injuries?

Answer 2

1. sprain
2. strain
3. contusions
4. subluxation/dislocation
5. muscle/tendon tear or rupture
6. tendinous lesions
7. synovitis
8. hemarthritis
9. ganglion
10. bursitis
11. overuse

Question 3

What are the precautions for stretching?

Answer 3

1. do no stretch past normal range of motion
2. pregnancy
3. strengthen any new range acquired
4. protect fracture and surgical sites
5. consider effects of osteoporosis, age, inactivity, immobilization, steroids, and other meds
6. if soreness lasts longer than 24 hrs, intensity was too great

Question 4

What are the contras for stretching?

Answer 4

1. bony blocks
2. fractures less than 6 wks old
3. hematoma or tissue trauma
4. hypermobility
5. functional contractures
6. inflamed, infected, or edematous tissue
7. sharp, acute pain

Question 5

What are the precautions for ROM?

Answer 5

1. range, speed, and tolerance of pt in acute injury stage
2. type of muscle contraction must be safe for the specific condition
3. precaution/contraindicated movement per post-surgical considerations

Question 6

What are contras for ROM?

Answer 6

1. When motion or contraction may disrupt the healing process or affect the person’s health status ie severe cardiopulmonary conditions
2. severe tissue trauma/ thrombus

Question 7

What are the prec for muscle performance?

Answer 7

1. valsalva
2. high risk pts, CAD, HTN, MI, CVA, s/p eye surgery, neurosurgeries, intervertebral disc surgeries
3. substitute motions
4. overwork/overtraining
5. osteoporosis
6. exercise-induced ms. soreness: acute, delayed onset

Question 8

What are the contras for muscle performance?

Answer 8

1. pain
2. inflammation
3. severe cardiopulmonary disease

Question 9

What is the mechanism of an ACL sprain?

Answer 9

1. rotational, forceful hyperextension
2. valgus force
   - part of terrible triad

Question 10

What is the mechanism of a MCL sprain?

Answer 10

1. valgus force

part of terrible triad

Question 11

What is the mechanism of a LCL sprain?

Answer 11

1. varus force across knee

Question 12

What is the mechanism of a PCL sprain?

Answer 12

1. forceful blow while knee is flexed

“dashboard knee”

Question 13

What are the prec/contra with ACL injuries?

Answer 13

1. no resisted open chain terminal knee extension (aka resisted SAQ?)
2. watch squats in 60-90* of flexion
   - when quads pull anteriorly on the tibia with greatest force

Question 14

What are the prec/contra with PCL injuries?

Answer 14

1. no resisted open chain knee flexion

- when hamstrings pull posteriorly on tibia