Age related changes Flashcards
1
Q
What happens to the total number of cells as one ages?
A
- total number of cells decreases
- remaining cells become less alike in structure and less organized in function
2
Q
What are cardiovascular changes with age at the cellular level?
A
- increased cellular degeneration
- increased deposition of proteins and lipids into the cells
- marked decline in number of pacemaker cells
- increase in amount of interstitial fibrous tissue
- thickening of supporting membranes of vessels
3
Q
What are cardiovascular changes with age at the anatomic level?
A
- increase in thickness of left ventricular wall
- change is ratio of wall thickness to radius in vessel–some increase, some decrease
4
Q
What are cardiovascular changes with age at the physiological level?
A
- decreased cardiac output at rest
- decline in CV system response to stress
- increase in systolic BP
- progressive resistance in peripheral vascular resistance to blood flow
- achievable max HR declines
5
Q
What are pulmonary changes with age?
A
- decreased chest wall compliance
- decreased lung elastic recoil tendencies
- Reduction of maximum voluntary ventilation, max expiratory flow and forced expiratory volume, and tidal volume
- these changes result in impairment of pulmonary defenses
6
Q
What are musculoskeletal changes with age atmthe cellular level ?
A
- increase density and stiffness of collagen structure
- loss of water and elasticity of elastin components
- increased cross-bridge formation of connective tissue
- cartilage dehydrates, becomes stiffer, and thins
7
Q
What are musculoskeletal changes with age at the muscle?
A
- decreased lean muscle tissue
- increased fat concentration
- decreased muscle mass
- decreased strength
- decreased coordination
8
Q
What are musculoskeletal changes with age at skeletal level ?
A
- loss of bone mass and density
9
Q
What are neurological changes with age?
A
- in CNS decreased number of cells
- delayed impulse of conduction velocity
- decline of sensory systems
