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Ocular Anatomy > Intro to the eye > Flashcards

Intro to the eye Flashcards

1
Q

3 Concentric tunics of eye

A
  1. fibrous
  2. uvea
  3. retina
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2
Q

What chamber is the lens in

A

posterior

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3
Q

Parts of the vascular tunic

A

iris, ciliary body, and choroid

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4
Q

parts of the fibrous tunic

A

sclera and cornea

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5
Q

majority of the blood supply to the retina is from?

A

choroid capillaries

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6
Q

Layers of the skin in eyebrow area

A

1.”skin” 2.subcatenous connective tissue, 3.muscular layer , 4. muscular areolar connective tissue, 5. pericranium

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7
Q

Eyebrow muscles and their innervation

A

frontalis, corrugator, procerus and o.o

all innervated by the facial nerve

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8
Q

Frontalis origin

A

galea aponeurotica within the scalp

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9
Q

frontalis insertion interdigitates with

A

orbicularis, corrugator, and procerus

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10
Q

Corrugator
origin?
where does it insert, and the type of look ?

A

frontal bone, inserts at middle part of eyebrow , creates concerned look and vertical furrows

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11
Q

Procerus:
origin?
inserts?
expression?

A

nasal bone, skin of forehead , anger

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12
Q

eyebrow muscle anterior to tarsal plate and orbital septum

A

obicularis oculi

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13
Q

3 parts of O.O

A

orbital, preseptal , pretarsal

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14
Q

striated and smooth muscles of the eyelids

A

striated (voluntary) : Levator palpebrae superioris and o.o

smooth (involuntary): sup and inf. tarsal (muller’s) symp innervation

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15
Q

potential space between eyelids

from lateral and medial canthi

A

palpebral fissure

upper eyelid has to cover part of iris

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16
Q

What is the lid crease called? and it’s two parts ?

A

Superioir palpebral sulcus

  1. preseptal portion
  2. tarsal portion
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17
Q

where the skin meets the conjunctiva?

divided into 2 parts ?

A

eyelid margin

1. lacrimal portion 2.ciliary portions

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18
Q

medial 1/6 of eyelid margin

A

lacrimal portion, involved in tear drainage

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19
Q

lateral 5/6 of eyelid margin

A

ciliary portions , eyelashes , contains meibomian glands

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20
Q

located b/w the eyelashes and the openings of the Meibomian glands

A

gray line

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21
Q

part of orbicularis involved in tear drainage that can be seen through the gray line

A

riolan muscle

22
Q

behind the opening of the meibomian glands

transition between skin and palpebral conjunctiva

A

mucocutaneous junction

23
Q

loss of eyelashes

A

madarosis

24
Q

growth of eyelashes towards the eye

A

trichiasis

25
Q

entropion is due to

A

spams of the o.o muscle or scarring of the eyelid

26
Q

ectropion is due to

A

loss of tone of the o.o (aging)

27
Q

eyelid layers anterior to posterior

A
  1. skin
  2. muscle layer
  3. submuscular areolar CT layer
  4. tarsal plate
  5. palpebral conjunctiva
28
Q

3 eyelid muscles and their inneration

A
  1. o.o (sphinter: CNVII)
  2. Levator palpebrae superioris ( upper lid: CNIII)
  3. tarsal muscles ( upper and lower eyelids: smooth muscle/sympathetic)
29
Q

o.o eyelid portions and function

A

palpebral: blink
orbital: squint
riolan, jones, and horners muscles: tear drainage

30
Q

defect in closing the eye is called?
mainly due to ?
could cause?

A

lagophthalmos
CNVII defect
punctate keratitis

31
Q

Eyelid margin is divided into it’s two portions by the

A

Lacrimal papilla divides lacrimal and ciliary portions

32
Q

Portion of eyelid margin that contains the openings of the meibomian glands

A

Ciliary portion

33
Q

Superior palpebral levator originates from the _____ bone, as it enters the eyelid , it fans out into an aponeurosis , that inserts into the _____(3)

A

Sphenoid , 1. Tarsal plate, 2 skin of the superior eyelid , 3 the superior for is of the conjunctiva

34
Q

What is the levator aponeurosis and its 3 parts? Which attaches to the skin of the eyelid?

A

A facial tissue that connects the levator palpebrae sup. Muscle to the tissue of the upper eyelid.

Parts: 1. Medial horn 2. Lateral horn 3. Middle portion

Middle portion attaches tp the anterior tarsal plate, skin of upper eyelid, sup. Fornix of the conjunctiva

35
Q

What is the fibrous band that runs from the throclea of the sup. Oblique muscle to the fascia of the lacrimal gland

A

Whitnall’s ligament , acts as a fulcrum for the superior palpebral levator muscle

36
Q

Clinical correlation of tarsal muscles

A

Sympathetic innervation: horner’s syndrome

37
Q

Ptosis is due to weakness/ paralysis of the ____ and ___ muscles ?

Which would cause a greater ptosis ?

A

Levator and tarsal muscles

Levator damage causes a greater ptosis

38
Q

Dense connective tissue b/w the conjunctiva and submuscular connective tissue layers?

Continuous with ?

A

Tarsal plate continuous w orbital septum

39
Q

Tarsal plate contain?

A

Meibomian glands

40
Q

What are the accessory lacrimal glands

A

Krause and Wolfring

41
Q

4 eyelid glands responsible for basal secretion of most of the tear film

A
  1. Accessory glands
    2 meibomian glands
  2. Glands of Zeis
  3. Glands of moll
42
Q

Internal vs external hordeolum

A

Internal - meibomian gland

External - glands of zeis and moll

43
Q

motor Innervation of tarsal muscles

A

Sympathetic - superior cervical ganglion

44
Q

Sensory innervation of eyelid

A

Branches of trigeminal CNV

45
Q

Blood supply to eyelids include

A

Internal carotid and external carotid branches

46
Q

Venous drainage of eyelids

A

Facial, superficial temporal and ophthalmic veins

47
Q

Potential risk of spread of infections from the eyelid is due to

A

Facial vein connecting to pterygoid plexus of veins

48
Q

Risk of intracranial spread of infections from eye lid is due to

A

Ophthalmic veins draining into the cavernous sinus

49
Q

Lymph nodes for lateral side of eyelid

A

Preauricular parotid lymph nodes

50
Q

Lymph nodes for medial side of eyelids

A

Submandibular lymph nodes

Ocular Anatomy (7 decks)

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