Intro to Radiology

Question 1

diagnostic imaging

Answer 1

visual imaging of pathologic anatomy and pathologic metabolism

Question 2

x-rays

Answer 2

ionizing radiation
-gamma rays or X rays or particulate radiation

sufficient energy to remove electrons from the atoms of material

Question 3

who discovered X-rays

Answer 3

Dr. W. C. Rontgen

Question 4

what three things use X-rays

Answer 4

radiographs, CAT scans, fluoroscopy

Question 5

gamma rays

Answer 5

in nuclear medicine

Question 6

ultrasound

Answer 6

sound waves

Question 7

MRI

Answer 7

uses spinning protons

Question 8

ionizing radiation

Answer 8

removes electron

-always small risk

Question 9

CT and CAT scans

Answer 9

fancy radiographs

Question 10

contrast radiography

Answer 10

uses X-rays after contrast

Question 11

fluoroscopy

Answer 11

real-time radiography

Question 12

angiography

Answer 12

contrast in heart

Question 13

advantage of CT

Answer 13

density discrimination and increased contrast
can look in 3D
functional information
less invasive

very fine detail possible depending on slice

rapid evaluation of critical patient

Question 14

nuclear medicine

Answer 14

function rather than anatomy

use radiotracers (radiopharmaceutlcals)

cancer tumor localization

(unclear medicine) bc its fuzzy imaging

Question 15

how to detect GI bleed?

Answer 15

nuclear medicine

Question 16

PET scans

Answer 16

use FDG - F-fluorodeoxyglucose

glucose analog

Question 17

ultrasound

Answer 17

uses sound

Question 18

advantages of ultrasound?

Answer 18

safe, noninvasive, inexpensive, visualize motion

Question 19

dissadvantages of ultrasound?

Answer 19

highly dependent on skilled technologist
will not penetrate bone or air
many artifacts

Question 20

ultrasound

Answer 20

can see turbulent flow and measure rate

Question 21

MRI

Answer 21

uses spinning protons

Question 22

advantages of MRI?

Answer 22

multiplanar ability
insensitive to obscuration by bone
better soft tissue contrast

Question 23

disadvantages of MRI?

Answer 23

low signal areas difficult to distinguish (lungs)
claustrophobia
some medical devices (ferromagnetic) BAD!
artifact prone
patient monitoring difficult

Question 24

MRI good for?

Answer 24

brain and spine imaging

Question 25

NG tube

Answer 25

both ports in stomach

to get rid of excess gas

Question 26

dobhoff tube

Answer 26

has to be below EG junction
prefer in duodenum

feeding tube

Question 27

ETT

Answer 27

endotracheal tube

for breathing

should be 5-7cm above carina

Question 28

PIC/IJ/SVC

Answer 28

should be in mid SVC

Question 29

clue for venous catheter poor placement

Answer 29

red pulsating blood

Question 30

if feeding tube in trachea?

Answer 30

take another chest X-ray!!

Question 31

carina

Answer 31

branch of bronchi in trachea

Question 32

subdural hematoma

Answer 32

venous bleed (slow)
crescent shaped

acute, subacute, or chronic
can cross sutures
not normally a medical emergency

Question 33

epidural hematoma

Answer 33

arterial bleed (fast)
football shaped
also limited by sutures!

medical EMERGENCY

usually from acute trauma