Intro to Qualitative Analysis Flashcards
Systematic process of meaning-making. A defined set of procedures that are used flexibly (i.e. not a recipe)
Which analysis follows this?
Qualitative Data Analysis
What does qualitative data analysis identify in data?
Identifies patterns in data. Typically inductive but can be deductive
Qualitative data analysis is mostly inductive. What does this mean?
The researcher reads qualitative data and finds patterns within that data
Qualitative data analysis can sometimes be deductive. What does this mean?
The researcher may start off with an idea of what pattern will be in the data and then look through the data to find evidence of that pattern
True or False?
Qualitative Data Analysis only describes data
False
It describes and interprets data
What does Qualitative Data Analysis aim to understand?
Aims to understand variation in experience and
considers complexity
True or False?
Qualitative Data Analysis is mostly empathetic
True
But they can also be critical by taking contextual info into account rather than ignoring it
Qualitative Data Analysis requires …. of the researcher with the data
Active engagement
What is transcription?
The action of providing a written account of spoken words
In qualitative research, transcription is conducted in individual or group interviews and generally written verbatim (exactly word-for-word).
What is the most common type of transcription?
Orthographic
What is orthographic transcription?
When speech is transcribed verbatim using standard spelling conventions
E.g. I said well, it’s funny. Mrs Schmidt, you would think she’d help. Well Mrs Schmidt was the one, she assumed responsibility for the three specials.
Maude: I said well, it’s funny. Mrs Schmidt, you would think she’d help. Well Mrs Schmidt was the one, she assumed responsibility for the three specials.
This is an example of…?
Orthographic transcription
What is Prosody transcription?
Phonemic aspects of spoken language e.g. intonation, stress
What is Paralinguistics transcription?
Non-phonemic aspects of language e.g. serious or jocular
What is Extralinguistic transcription?
Non-linguistic aspects e.g. gesture
What type of transcription is this?
Intonation and stress
Prosody
What type of transcription is this?
Serious or jocular
Paralinguistics
What type of transcription is this?
Gesture
Extralingustic
What are the 7 types of qualitative data analyses?
1) Content Analysis
2) Ethnographic Approaches
3) Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
4) Thematic Analysis
5) Discourse or Conversation Analysis
6) Grounded Theory
7) Framework Analysis
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses aims to use Qualitative data to examine patterns in communication in a replicable and systematic manner?
Content Analysis
Define content analysis
Analysis which uses Qualitative data to examine patterns in communication in a replicable and systematic manner.
Systematic labelling of data allows statistical analyses of non-numeric data.
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses is not considered as very qualitative?
Content analysis
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses aims to generate theories of social phenomena through systematic data analysis?
Grounded theory
Define grounded theory
Analysis to generate theories of social phenomena through systematic data analysis
It has inductive and deductive stages
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses has inductive and deductive stages?
Grounded theory
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses aims to identify the rules of conversational organisation through recorded studies, and naturally occurring talk-in-interaction to discover how participants understand and respond to one another?
Discourse or Conversation Analysis
Define Discourse or Conversation Analysis
Analysis which identifies the rules of conversational organisation.
These are performed through recorded studies, and naturally occurring talk-in-interaction to discover how participants understand and respond to one another.
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses are performed through recorded studies, and naturally occurring talk-in-interaction to discover how participants understand and respond to one another?
Discourse or Conversation Analysis
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given phenomenon?
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Define Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
An analysis which offers insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given phenomenon
Usually these phenomena relate to experiences of some personal significance, such as a major life event, or the development of an important relationship.
Typically uses small homogenous samples.
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses uses small homogenous samples and takes into account one’s major life event, or the development of an important relationship to make sense of a given phenomenon?
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses focuses on individuals and richness of their experience
i.e. how does this specific person experience this very specific thing?
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses is a method for identifying, analysing and reporting patterns (themes) within data and minimally organises and describes your data in (rich) detail by interpreting various aspects of the research topic?
Thematic Analysis
Define thematic analysis
A method for identifying, analysing and reporting patterns (themes) within data.
It minimally organises and describes your data in (rich) detail.
However, frequently it goes further than this, and interprets various aspects of the research topic
What makes thematic analysis unique?
Flexibility
e.g. sematic or latent; inductive or deductive, essentialist or constructionist
Which of the 7 qualitative data analyses is the most flexible?
Thematic analysis
What are the 8 benefits of thematic analysis?
1) Flexibility e.g. sematic or latent; inductive or deductive, essentialist or constructionist
2) Relatively easy and quick to learn and do
3) Accessible to novice researchers
4) Summarises key features of a large body of data
5) Highlight similarities and differences across a data set
6) Can generate unanticipated insights
7) Allows for social and psychological interpretations of data
8) Results accessible to educate the general public and useful for producing qualitative analyses suited to informing policy development
What are the 6 phases of thematic analysis?
- Data familiarisation
- Generating codes
- Searching for themes
- Reviewing themes
- Defining and naming themes
- Producing the report / paper
What is data familiarisation?
Reading the data
What is generating codes?
Labelling ideas in the data that are relevant to the RQ
What is searching for themes?
Grouping related codes into candidate themes
What is reviewing themes?
Checking themes ‘fit’ the data and address the RQ
What are defining and naming themes?
Describing themes and selecting data extracts
What is producing the report/paper?
Writing an introduction, method, findings and discussion
